How to guarantee an element will have a particular height

问题

Say that I have this element on my page:

<div style="height: 1em;">&nbsp;</div>

I want to use JavaScript to measure the height of the div to figure out how many px are equivalent to 1em for that element.

So if I did:

document.querySelector('div').getBoundingClientRect()

Then I might get 16.

But what if users can inject arbitrary styles onto this webpage? What if they do something like:

div { border: 1px solid black; }

Then I would get 18, because of the unexpected border applied to all div elements.

To avoid this, I could add a laundry list of styles to the div to remove potential "unexpected styles:"

<div style="border: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; height: 1em;">&nbsp;</div>

But is that list of styles comprehensive? If not, what other styles do I need? Or is there a better way to make this calculation?

回答1:

Set the font-style: 1em !important; on the element, and get the font size in px using Window#getComputedStyle:

var fontSize = window.getComputedStyle(div).fontSize;

console.log(fontSize);

<div id="div" style="font-size: 1em;"></div>

My previous not bullet proof answer:

This fails if the user uses borders and/or paddings which height is greater than 16.

You can use box-sizing: border-box on the element. With this box sizing, the borders and the paddings don't increase the dimensions of the element. The content area is the original width/height minus any paddings and borders.

console.log(div.getBoundingClientRect().height);

div {
  padding: 3px;
  border: 2px solid black;
}

<div id="div" style="height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box;">

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46739264/how-to-guarantee-an-element-will-have-a-particular-height