How to retrieve server generated Identity values when using SqlBulkCopy

问题

I know I can do a bulk insert into my table with an identity column by not specifying the SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity as mentioned here.

What I would like to be able to do is get the identity values that the server generates and put them in my datatable, or even a list. I saw this post, but I want my code to be general, and I can't have a version column in all my tables. Any suggestions are much appreciated. Here is my code:

public void BulkInsert(DataTable dataTable, string DestinationTbl, int batchSize)
{
    // Get the DataTable 
    DataTable dtInsertRows = dataTable;

    using (SqlBulkCopy sbc = new SqlBulkCopy(sConnectStr))
    {
        sbc.DestinationTableName = DestinationTbl;

        // Number of records to be processed in one go
        sbc.BatchSize = batchSize;

        // Add your column mappings here
        foreach (DataColumn dCol in dtInsertRows.Columns)
        {
            sbc.ColumnMappings.Add(dCol.ColumnName, dCol.ColumnName);
        }

        // Finally write to server
        sbc.WriteToServer(dtInsertRows);
    }
}

回答1:

AFAIK, you can't.

The only way (that I know of) to get the values(s) of the identity field is by using either SCOPE_IDENTITY() when you insert row-by-row; or by using the OUTPUT approach when inserting an entire set.

The 'simplest' approach probably would be that you would SqlBulkCopy the records in the table and then fetch them back again later on. The problem might be that it could be hard to properly (and quickly) fetch those rows from the server again. (e.g. it would be rather ugly (and slow) to have a WHERE clause with IN (guid1, guid2, .., guid999998, guid999999) =)

I'm assuming performance is an issue here as you're already using SqlBulkCopy so I'd suggest to go for the OUTPUT approach in which case you'll firstly need a staging table to SqlBulkCopy your records in. Said table should then be including some kind of batch-identifier (GUID?) as to allow multiple treads to run side by side. You'll need a stored procedure to INSERT <table> OUTPUT inserted.* SELECT the data from the staging-table into the actual destination table and also clean-up the staging table again. The returend recordset from said procedure would then match 1:1 to the origanal dataset responsible for filling the staging table, but off course you should NOT rely on it's order. In other words : your next challenge than will be matching the returned Identity-fields back to the original records in your application.

Thinking things over, I'd say that in all cases -- except the row-by-row & SCOPY_IDENTITY() approach, which is going to be dog-slow -- you'll need to have (or add) a 'key' to your data to link the generated id's back to the original data =/

回答2:

You can do a similar approach described above by deroby but instead of retrieving them back via a WHERE IN (guid1, etc... You match them back up to the rows inserted in memory based on their order.

So I would suggest to add a column onto the table to match the row to a SqlBulkCopy transaction and then do the following to match the generated Ids back to the in memory collection of rows you just inserted.

Create a new Guid and set this value on all the rows in the bulk copy mapping to the new column
Run the WritToServer method of the BulkCopy object
Retrieve all the rows that have that same key
Iterate through this list which will be in the order they were added, these will be in the same order as the the in memory collection of rows so you then will know the generated id for each item.

This will give you better performance than giving each individual row a unique key. So after you bulk insert the data table you could do something like this (In my example I will have a list of objects from which I will create the data table and then map the generated ids back to them)

List<myObject> myCollection = new List<myObject>

Guid identifierKey = Guid.NewGuid();

//Do your bulk insert where all the rows inserted have the identifierKey
//set on the new column. In this example you would create a data table based
//off the myCollection object.

//Identifier is a column specifically for matching a group of rows to a sql  
//bulk copy command
var myAddedRows = myDbContext.DatastoreRows.AsNoTracking()
            .Where(d => d.Identifier == identiferKey)
            .ToList();


 for (int i = 0; i < myAddedRows.Count ; i++)
 {
    var savedRow = myAddedRows[i];
    var inMemoryRow = myCollection[i];

    int generatedId = savedRow.Id;

   //Now you know the generatedId for the in memory object you could set a
   // a property on it to store the value

   inMemoryRow.GeneratedId = generatedId;
 }

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21687536/how-to-retrieve-server-generated-identity-values-when-using-sqlbulkcopy

标签

sql-server

identity

sqlbulkcopy