Excon::Errors::Forbidden (Expected(200) Actual(403 Forbidden)

问题

When I try to upload a picture to a "Car" object I'm denied access to S3. But the site images that are in the assets folder have displayed just fine since I added S3. The specific error that I get is this:

2015-02-17T14:40:48.459629+00:00 app[web.1]: Excon::Errors::Forbidden (Expected(200) <=> Actual(403 Forbidden)
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459630+00:00 app[web.1]: excon.error.response
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459635+00:00 app[web.1]:     "Connection"       => "close"
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459637+00:00 app[web.1]:     "Content-Type"     => "application/xml"
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459639+00:00 app[web.1]:     "Date"             => "Tue, 17 Feb 2015 14:40:48 GMT"
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459640+00:00 app[web.1]:     "Server"           => "AmazonS3"
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459632+00:00 app[web.1]:   :body          => "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<Error><Code>AccessDenied</Code><Message>Access Denied</Message><RequestId>2CE306ACD51F02A1</RequestId><HostId>tKLXUAKxyDFTMExl7kE+AuVVsEJOFqXh983li6N7R2UlYDXv1Z3GJRvW5zy1XIXVs2zArp310vg=</HostId></Error>"
2015-02-17T14:40:48.459642+00:00 app[web.1]:     "x-amz-id-2"       => ""part of secret key"="

With "part of secret key" obviously redacted. I've tried creating a different user and using new keys, but that hasn't worked. Not where to go from here.

app/uploaders/picture_uploader

class PictureUploader < CarrierWave::Uploader::Base
  include CarrierWave::MiniMagick
  process resize_to_limit: [400, 400]

  if Rails.env.production?
    storage :fog
  else
    storage :file
  end

  # Override the directory where uploaded files will be stored.
  # This is a sensible default for uploaders that are meant to be mounted:
  def store_dir
    "uploads/#{model.class.to_s.underscore}/#{mounted_as}/#{model.id}"
  end

  # Add a white list of extensions which are allowed to be uploaded.
  def extension_white_list
    %w(jpg jpeg gif png)
  end
end

carrier_wave.rb

if Rails.env.production?
  CarrierWave.configure do |config|
    config.fog_credentials = {
      # Configuration for Amazon S3
      :provider              => 'AWS',
      :aws_access_key_id     => ENV['S3_ACCESS_KEY'],
      :aws_secret_access_key => ENV['S3_SECRET_KEY']
    }
    config.fog_directory     =  ENV['S3_BUCKET']
  end
end

I believe that's all of the relevant files, let me know if there's more to see. Not sure if specifying a region or a power user would help, doesn't seem like it would.

回答1:

[EDIT: I'd default to the other answer at this point, especially if you're in a prod environment. This was a workaround that worked for me while building a breakable toy a few years back, but I agree with granting minimal permissions when security is a concern.]

I was encountering the same error, and the solution was to attach administrative access policies from the AWS Management Console:

1) Sign in to the AWS Management Console at http://aws.amazon.com/iam/

2) Click "Policies" from the Navigation Pane on the left

3) Select the "AdministratorAccess" policy

4) Click Policy Actions > Attach at the top of the page

5) Select the user associated with my S3_ACCESS_KEY, S3_SECRET_KEY, and S3_BUCKET

6) Click "Attach Policy"

Merely granting all permissions from my bucket at https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home was not sufficient.

回答2:

The other answer telling you to grant AdministratorAccess on the IAM user is a bad idea from a security point of view - it will allow anyone with access to those keys to perform any action in your account, including deleting all infrastructure.

I haven't worked out the exact minimum set of permissions that Carrierwave / Fog needs, but a smaller set that I got working looks like:

Create an AWS IAM Policy with a policy document like:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "s3:*",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::BUCKETNAME/*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "s3:*",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::BUCKETNAME"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "s3:ListAllMyBuckets"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

Note, that it is not an error to specify S3 actions on both BUCKETNAME and BUCKETNAME/* - the first relates to API actions that are performed on the bucket, and the second, on stored objects within the bucket.

回答3:

I used this manual: https://medium.com/@mohit_22386/ruby-on-rails-aws-how-to-put-assets-on-aws-s3-and-fetch-using-cloudfront-84de9800ce3d

After setup I could add or remove files from bucket via software (DragonDisk). But i got the same error on assets:precompile. I just removed ACL's ckeckboxes on the Permissions > Public access settings page in bucket settings:

Also, I've used my main account, no IAM, so Rob Mulholand's aswer wasn't relevant for me.

回答4:

A more minimal permission approach would be this one:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {
                "AWS": "<IAM user with programatic access>"
            },
            "Action": "s3:ListBucket",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::BUCKETNAME"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {
                "AWS": "<IAM user with programatic access>"
            },
            "Action": [
                "s3:PutObjectAcl",
                "s3:PutObject",
                "s3:GetObject",
                "s3:DeleteObject"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::BUCKETNAME/*"
        }
    ]
}

tl;dr: You also need the s3:PutObjectAcl permission.

(I did not check if it would even work without GetObject, DeleteObject permission because in my case I wanted to grant them anyway.)