Simulating a custom reporter block in Scratch?

问题

In Scratch 2.0, support for custom stack blocks (procedures) was added. But is there any way to use this to "abstract away" logic that returns a value?

For example, i have here a script to naively calculate exponents: (view graphic representation)

set [base v] to [2]
set [index v] to [3]
... // above is for initializing
set [result v] to (base)
repeat until <(index) = [1]>
  set [result v] to ((result) * (base))
  change [index v] by (-1)

How could i export this logic to a "custom reporter" to reuse?

回答1:

Here's an example (rendered):

define split [text] by [splitter]
delete (all v) of [output list v]
set [parse v] to [0]
set [cur string v] to []
repeat until ((parse) > (length of (splitter))
   if <(letter (parse) of (text)) = (splitter)> then
      add (cur string) to [output list v]
      set [cur string v] to []
   else
      set [cur string v] to (join (cur string) (letter (parse) of (text)))
   end
end

when GF clicked
split [Hello, world! Do you like this?] by [ ] // That's a space.

// That should output a list: ["Hello,", "world!", "Do", "you", "like", "this?"]

define the answer to life
set [output var v] to (42)

when GF clicked
the answer to life
say (output var)

It shows off how to use both a list output and a variable output.

回答2:

There is a second, more complicated way to do this. It allows for recursive blocks, and you can run a block multiple times. I call it the stacking method, because i use a list as a stack. For an example, see this project that i made.

This method also doesn't clutter up the variables palette.

define (base) ^ (index) recursive
if <(index) = [1]>
  add (base) to [stack v]
else
  (base) ^ ((index) - (1)) recursive // adds the previous item to the stack
  add ((base) * (item (last v) of [stack v])) to [stack v]
  delete ((length of [stack v]) - (1)) of [stack v] // clean up

It can then be accessed using essentially the same method as i explained in the other answer:

when gf clicked
(4) ^ (3) recursive // the stack block
say (join [4 ^ 3 = ] (item (last v) of [stack v])) // get the item from the end of the stack
delete [last v] of [stack v] // optional, if you want to clean up

See this in rendered ScratchBlocks.

回答3:

The easiest way to do this is by creating a custom command block, and storing the return value in a variable. This has some drawbacks, such as not allowing recursive calls, but works in most cases. I also recommend setting the block to run without screen refresh.

Simply define it like this, with the return value available as result:

define (base) ^ (exp)
set [index v] to (exp) // need a variable, as arguments are immutable
set [result v] to (base)
repeat until <(index) = [1]>
  set [result v] to ((result) * (base))
  change [index v] by (-1)

It can then be called like:

when gf clicked
(4) ^ (3) // the stack block
say (join [4 ^ 3 = ] (result)) // result is set by the [()^()] block

See this in rendered ScratchBlocks.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27948249/simulating-a-custom-reporter-block-in-scratch

标签

mit-scratch