How to concatenate rows into one cell and add break line after each one using SQL Server

问题

I am using SQL Server 2017 and I am trying to create a query that concatenates the languages and Levels of Proficiency in one line for every Employee. The table that stores the info in my SQL Database is this for example:

And the end result I would like to achieve is this:

Using Stuff function and xml path I have managed to create a select query that shows this:

But I can't find a way to insert a break line. The query will be used as a datasource for an AspxGridview.

Any help?

Thank you in advance!

My query so far:

select distinct
p.PersonID,
STUFF
( (SELECT char(10) + l.Language+' ('+ (case  cvnl.Proficiency when  1 then 'Good'
                                                                    when 2 then 'Very Good'
                                                                    when 3 then 'Excellent'
                                                                    end )
                                                    +') ' FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl
                                                            inner join Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
    WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID

    ORDER BY l.Language ASC FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 1, '') AS Languages
from CV_Certifications cv
       inner join person p on cv.PersonID=p.PersonID
             inner join CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID=p.PersonID
               inner join Languages l on l.LanguageID=cvnl.LanguageID
where  active=1      
group by 
p.PersonID,
cvnl.Proficiency,
l.Language
order by p.PersonID

The result is this: enter image description here

回答1:

As you are using SQL server 2017 you can use STRING_AGG function

SELECT 
    p.PersonID, 
    STRING_AGG( Language + '(' + 
        CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
            WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
            WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
            THEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
        END + ')'
    , CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM CV_Certifications cv
JOIN person p on cv.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
WHERE active=1      
GROUP BY p.PersonID,
ORDER BY p.PersonID

You mention that you need it for a AspxGridview, so you might need an HTML break too

SELECT 
    p.PersonID, 
    STRING_AGG( Language + '(' + 
        CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
            WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
            WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
            THEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
        END + ')'
    , CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + '<BR/>' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM CV_Certifications cv
JOIN person p on cv.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
WHERE active=1      
GROUP BY p.PersonID,
ORDER BY p.PersonID

If you are using an SQL previous version or you want to keep using STUFF you can REPLACE the comma from your STUFF's result

SELECT 
    p.PersonID,
    REPLACE(
        STUFF( (
            SELECT ',' + l.Language +' (' + 
            CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
                WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
                WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
                WHEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
            END +') ' 
            FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl
            JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
            WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
            ORDER BY l.Language ASC 
            FOR XML PATH(''))
         , 1, 1, '')
    ,',',CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM person p  
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM CV_Certifications cv WHERE cv.PersonID = p.PersonID)
AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
AND active=1      
ORDER BY p.PersonID

I also took the freedom to tune your query a little