Column arithmetic in pandas dataframe using dates

问题

I think this should be easy but I'm hitting a bit of a wall. I have a dataset that was imported into a pandas dataframe from a Stata .dta file. Several of the columns contain date data. The dataframe contains 100,000+ rows but a sample is given:

   cat  event_date  total
0   G2  2006-03-08     16
1   G2         NaT    NaN
2   G2         NaT    NaN
3   G3  2006-03-10     16
4   G3  2006-08-04     12
5   G3  2006-12-28     13
6   G3  2007-05-25     10
7   G4  2006-03-10     13
8   G4  2006-08-06     19
9   G4  2006-12-30     16

The data is stored as a datetime64 format:

>>> mydata[['cat','event_date','total']].dtypes
cat                    object
event_date     datetime64[ns]
total                 float64
dtype: object

All I would like to do is create a new column which gives the difference in days (rather than 'us' or 'ns'!!!) between the event_date and a start date, say 2006-01-01. I've tried the following:

>>> mydata['new'] = mydata['event_date'] - np.datetime64('2006-01-01')

… but I get the message:

TypeError: ufunc 'isnan' not supported for the input types, and the inputs could not be safely coerced to any supported types according to the casting rule ''safe''

I've also tried a lambda function but that doesn't work either.

However, if I wanted to simply add on one day to each date I can successfully use:

>>> mydata['plusone'] = mydata['event_date'] + np.timedelta64(1,'D')

That works fine.

Am I missing something straightforward here?

Thanks in advance for any help.

回答1:

Not sure why the numpy datetime64 is incompatible with pandas dtypes but using datetime objects worked fine for me:

In [39]:

import datetime as dt
mydata['new'] = mydata['event_date'] - dt.datetime(2006,1,1)
mydata
Out[39]:
      cat event_date  total      new
Index                               
0      G2 2006-03-08     16  66 days
1      G2        NaT    NaN      NaT
2      G2        NaT    NaN      NaT
3      G3 2006-03-10     16  68 days
4      G3 2006-08-04     12 215 days
5      G3 2006-12-28     13 361 days
6      G3 2007-05-25     10 509 days
7      G4 2006-03-10     13  68 days
8      G4 2006-08-06     19 217 days
9      G4 2006-12-30     16 363 days

回答2:

Ensure you have an upto date version of pandas and numpy (>=1.7):

In [11]: df.event_date - pd.Timestamp('2006-01-01')
Out[11]:
0    66 days
1        NaT
2        NaT
3    68 days
4   215 days
5   361 days
6   509 days
7    68 days
8   217 days
9   363 days
Name: event_date, dtype: timedelta64[ns]

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25255267/column-arithmetic-in-pandas-dataframe-using-dates

标签

python

pandas

dataframe

datetime64