use of D.Knuth pseudo-random generator

问题

I need to write a physical simulation software, and I need to use the pseudo-random generator written by D.Knuth, cause it best fits my needs.

Though I know how to use it within a hard block of code (a mere #include "rng-double.c"), I can't quite understand how to include it in a modular program where it is needed both within the main and inside some libraries that I then link back into the main through header files.

The only functions that I need are ranf_start(seed) to seed the generator and ranf_arr_next() to generate the next number.

I'm getting a long series of

multiple definitions of 'foo'

pretty much for every function that is defined in the random number generator code.

I'm not an expert, so I find myself pretty much at a dead end. Is there a way out? I am currently trying to write an header file for the rng, though I haven't been successful yet.

Thanks a lot, everybody. ~J

EDIT: From what the first answers say, I need to wirte the header file. I did it for most functions in the generator, but I cant manage to write it right for the function that actually generates the number. How should I write the header for a function defined like this?

#define ranf_arr_next() (*ranf_arr_ptr>=0? *ranf_arr_ptr++: ranf_arr_cycle())

回答1:

rng-double.h

#ifndef RNG_DOUBLE_H_INCLUDED
#define RNG_DOUBLE_H_INCLUDED

extern void ranf_start(long seed);
extern double ranf_next(void);

#ifdef USE_MACRO_RANF_NEXT
extern double *ranf_arr_ptr;
extern double  ranf_arr_cycle(void);
#define ranf_arr_next() (*ranf_arr_ptr >= 0 ? *ranf_ptr++ : ranf_arr_cycle())
#endif /* USE_MACRO_RANF_NEXT */

#endif /* RNG_DOUBLE_H_INCLUDED */

main.c

#include "rng-double.h"
...other stuff...

rng-double.c

#define USE_MACRO_RANF_NEXT
#include "rng-double.h"

double *ranf_arr_ptr;

void ranf_start(long seed)
{
    ...implementation...
}

double (ranf_next)(void)  // Function
{
    ranf_next();          // Macro
}

double ranf_arr_cycle(void)
{
    ...implementation...
}

回答2:

You don't include the .c file, but the appropriate header file, which contains the declarations of your functions. The .c file will just be compiled along with the rest.

回答3:

If you ever find yourself #including a .c file, then chances are that you are doing something wrong. You really should be #including .h files only.

This wikipedia link explains exactly the problem you are having and how to write the header file properly.

I suspect your problem is that you are not using the header 'guard' properly.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3954195/use-of-d-knuth-pseudo-random-generator

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random

modularity