Unable to get CAP_CHOWN and CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE working for regular user

问题

My requirement

My python server runs as a regular user on RHEL But it needs to create files/directories at places it doesn't have access to. Also needs to do chown those files with random UID/GID

My approach

Trying this in capability-only environment, no setuid. I am trying to make use of cap_chown and cap_dac_override capabilities. But am totally lost of how to get it working in systemctl kind of environment

At present I have following in the service file:

#cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/my_server.service 

[Service]
Type=simple
SecureBits=keep-caps
User=testuser
CapabilityBoundingSet=~
Capabilities=cap_dac_override,cap_chown=eip
ExecStart=/usr/bin/linux_capability_test.py

And following on the binary itself:

# getcap /usr/bin/linux_capability_test.py
/usr/bin/linux_capability_test.py = cap_chown,cap_dac_override+ei

But this here says, that it will never work on scripts: Is there a way for non-root processes to bind to "privileged" ports on Linux?

With the current setting, the capabilities I have for the running process are:

# ps -ef | grep lin
testuser    28268     1  0 22:31 ?        00:00:00 python /usr/bin/linux_capability_test.py

# getpcaps 28268
Capabilities for `28268': = cap_chown,cap_dac_override+i

But if I try to create file in /etc/ from within that script:

try:
    file_name = '/etc/junk'
    with open(file_name, 'w') as f:
        os.utime(file_name,None)

It fails with 'Permission denied'

Is that the same case for me that it won't work ? Can I use python-prctl module here to get it working ?

回答1:

setuid will not work with scripts because it is a security hole, due to the way that scripts execute. There are several documents on this. You can even start by looking at the wikipedia page.

A really good workaround is to write a small C program that will launch your Python script with hard-coded paths to python and the script. A really good discussion of all the issues may be found here

回答2:

Update: A method to do this, not sure if the best one. Using 'python-prctl' module:

1. Ditch 'User=testuser' from my-server.service
2. Start server as root
3. Set 'keep_caps' flag True
4. Do 'setgroups, setgid and setuid'
5. And immediately limit the permitted capability set to 'DAC_OVERRIDE' and 'CHOWN' capability only
6. Set the effective capability for both to True

Here is the code for the same

import prctl

prctl.securebits.keep_caps = True

os.setgroups([160])
os.setgid(160)
os.setuid(160)

prctl.cap_permitted.limit(prctl.CAP_CHOWN, prctl.CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE)
prctl.cap_effective.dac_override = True
prctl.cap_effective.chown = True`

DONE !!

回答3:

Based upon our discussion above, I did the following:

[Service]
Type=simple
User=testuser
SecureBits=keep-caps
Capabilities=cap_chown,cap_dac_override=i
ExecStart=/usr/bin/linux_capability_test.py

This starts the server with both those capabilities as inheritable.

Wrote a small C, test code to chown file

#include <unistd.h>

int main()
  {
    int ret = 0;

    ret = chown("/etc/junk", 160, 160);

    return ret;
  }

Set following on the gcc'ed binary

chown testuser:testuser /usr/bin/chown_c
chmod 550 /usr/bin/chown_c
setcap cap_chown,cap_dac_override=ie /usr/bin/chown_c

The server does following to call the binary

import prctl
prctl.cap_inheritable.chown = True
prctl.cap_inheritable.dac_override = True
execve('/usr/bin/chown_c',[],os.environ)

And I was able to get the desired result

# ll /etc/junk 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug  8 22:33 /etc/junk

# python capability_client.py 

# ll /etc/junk 
-rw-r--r-- 1 testuser testuser 0 Aug  8 22:33 /etc/junk

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31883010/unable-to-get-cap-chown-and-cap-dac-override-working-for-regular-user