How to use a choiceField declared in the model, in a form. django

问题

I have this in my model.py

class marca(models.Model):
    marcas = (
        ('chevrolet', 'Chevrolet'),
        ('mazda', 'Mazda'),
        ('nissan', 'Nissan'),
        ('toyota', 'Toyota'),
        ('mitsubishi', 'Mitsubishi'),
    )

    marca = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices= marcas)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.marca

And I need to use it in my form.py I tried this but it doesn't work.

class addVehiculoForm(forms.Form):
    placa                   = forms.CharField(widget = forms.TextInput())
    tipo                    = forms.CharField(max_length=2, widget=forms.Select(choices= tipos_vehiculo))
    marca                   = forms.CharField(max_length=2, widget=forms.Select(choices= marcas))

回答1:

Move your choices to be above the model, in the root of your models.py:

marcas = (
        ('chevrolet', 'Chevrolet'),
        ('mazda', 'Mazda'),
        ('nissan', 'Nissan'),
        ('toyota', 'Toyota'),
        ('mitsubishi', 'Mitsubishi'),)

class Marca(models.Model):

    marca = models.CharField(max_length=25,choices=marcas)

Then in your file where you declare the form:

from yourapp.models import marcas

class VehiculoForm(forms.Form):

     marca = forms.ChoiceField(choices=marcas)

I also fixed some other problems for you:

• Class names should start with a capital letter
• You need to increase the max_length of your character field because you are storing the word chevrolet anytime someone will select Chevrolet in the choice drop down.

If you are just creating a form to save records for Marca model, use a ModelForm, like this:

from yourapp.models import Marca

class VehiculoForm(forms.ModelForm):
     class Meta:
         model = Marca

Now, django will render the choice field automatically.

回答2:

You need to define the choices tuple marcas outside of model class class marca.

Then you can do following in forms.py to use

from models import marcas

class addVehiculoForm(forms.Form):
    marca  = forms.CharField(max_length=2, widget=forms.Select(choices= marcas))
    ...

回答3:

I prefer holding choices still inside the model, so they do not get mixed with other models. Then the solution would be:

models.py:

Same as in question.

forms.py:

from yourapp.models import marca

class VehiculoForm(forms.Form):
     marca = forms.ChoiceField(choices=marca.marcas)

     class Meta:
         model = marca
         fields= ('marca')

You could also just define meta, if you want default model fields.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15802254/how-to-use-a-choicefield-declared-in-the-model-in-a-form-django