Similar to surfaceless context in OpenGL can we do it in Vulkan.
Sure it's even designed to do so from the start.
Instead of getting your images from a swapchain, create them and allocate and bind memory for it yourself.
Getting the result back will then require a copy into a host-visible readback buffer after the render.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38885309/is-it-possible-to-do-offscreen-rendering-without-surface-in-vulkan