Combining Spannable with String.format()

问题

Suppose you have the following string:

String s = "The cold hand reaches for the %1$s %2$s Ellesse's";
String old = "old"; 
String tan = "tan"; 
String formatted = String.format(s,old,tan); //"The cold hand reaches for the old tan Ellesse's"

Suppose you want to end up with this string, but also have a particular Span set for any word replaced by String.format.

For instance, we also want to do the following:

Spannable spannable = new SpannableString(formatted);
spannable.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), oldStart, oldStart+old.length(), Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
spannable.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.BLUE), tanStart, tanStart+tan.length(), Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

Is there a robust way of getting to know the start indices of old and tan?

Note that just searching for 'old' returns the 'old' in 'cold', so that won't work.

What will work, I guess, is searching for %[0-9]$s beforehand, and calculating the offsets to account for the replacements in String.format. This seems like a headache though, I suspect there might be a method like String.format that is more informative about the specifics of its formatting. Well, is there?

回答1:

I have created a version of String.format that works with spannables. Download it and use it just like the normal version. In your case you would put the spans around the format specifiers (possibly using strings.xml). In the output, they would be around whatever those specifiers were replaced with.

回答2:

Using Spannables like that is a headache -- this is probably the most straightforward way around:

String s = "The cold hand reaches for the %1$s %2$s Ellesse's";
String old = "<font color=\"blue\">old</font>"; 
String tan = "<strike>tan</strike>"; 
String formatted = String.format(s,old,tan); //The cold hand reaches for the <font color="blue">old</font> <strike>tan</strike> Ellesse's

Spannable spannable = Html.fromHtml(formatted);

Problem: this does not put in a StrikethroughSpan. To make the StrikethroughSpan, we borrow a custom TagHandler from this question.

Spannable spannable = Html.fromHtml(text,null,new MyHtmlTagHandler());

---

MyTagHandler:

public class MyHtmlTagHandler implements Html.TagHandler {
    public void handleTag(boolean opening, String tag, Editable output,
                          XMLReader xmlReader) {
        if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("strike") || tag.equals("s")) {
            processStrike(opening, output);
        }
    }
    private void processStrike(boolean opening, Editable output) {
        int len = output.length();
        if (opening) {
            output.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), len, len, Spannable.SPAN_MARK_MARK);
        } else {
            Object obj = getLast(output, StrikethroughSpan.class);
            int where = output.getSpanStart(obj);
            output.removeSpan(obj);
            if (where != len) {
                output.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), where, len, Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
            }
        }
    }

    private Object getLast(Editable text, Class kind) {
        Object[] objs = text.getSpans(0, text.length(), kind);
        if (objs.length == 0) {
            return null;
        } else {
            for (int i = objs.length; i > 0; i--) {
                if (text.getSpanFlags(objs[i - 1]) == Spannable.SPAN_MARK_MARK) {
                    return objs[i - 1];
                }
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

回答3:

I made simple Kotlin extension function that should solve String.format spanned issue:

fun Context.getStringSpanned(@StringRes resId: Int, vararg formatArgs: Any): Spanned {
    var lastArgIndex = 0
    val spannableStringBuilder = SpannableStringBuilder(getString(resId, *formatArgs))
    for (arg in formatArgs) {
        val argString = arg.toString()
        lastArgIndex = spannableStringBuilder.indexOf(argString, lastArgIndex)
        if (lastArgIndex != -1) {
            (arg as? CharSequence)?.let {
                spannableStringBuilder.replace(lastArgIndex, lastArgIndex + argString.length, it)
            }
            lastArgIndex += argString.length
        }
    }

    return spannableStringBuilder
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20936901/combining-spannable-with-string-format