Using pretrained gensim Word2vec embedding in keras

问题

I have trained word2vec in gensim. In Keras, I want to use it to make matrix of sentence using that word embedding. As storing the matrix of all the sentences is very space and memory inefficient. So, I want to make embedding layer in Keras to achieve this so that It can be used in further layers(LSTM). Can you tell me in detail how to do this?

PS: It is different from other questions because I am using gensim for word2vec training instead of keras.

回答1:

Let's say you have following data that you need to encode

docs = ['Well done!',
        'Good work',
        'Great effort',
        'nice work',
        'Excellent!',
        'Weak',
        'Poor effort!',
        'not good',
        'poor work',
        'Could have done better.']

You must then tokenize it using the Tokenizer from Keras like this and find the vocab_size

t = Tokenizer()
t.fit_on_texts(docs)
vocab_size = len(t.word_index) + 1

You can then enocde it to sequences like this

encoded_docs = t.texts_to_sequences(docs)
print(encoded_docs)

You can then pad the sequences so that all the sequences are of a fixed length

max_length = 4
padded_docs = pad_sequences(encoded_docs, maxlen=max_length, padding='post')

Then use the word2vec model to make embedding matrix

# load embedding as a dict
def load_embedding(filename):
    # load embedding into memory, skip first line
    file = open(filename,'r')
    lines = file.readlines()[1:]
    file.close()
    # create a map of words to vectors
    embedding = dict()
    for line in lines:
        parts = line.split()
        # key is string word, value is numpy array for vector
        embedding[parts[0]] = asarray(parts[1:], dtype='float32')
    return embedding

# create a weight matrix for the Embedding layer from a loaded embedding
def get_weight_matrix(embedding, vocab):
    # total vocabulary size plus 0 for unknown words
    vocab_size = len(vocab) + 1
    # define weight matrix dimensions with all 0
    weight_matrix = zeros((vocab_size, 100))
    # step vocab, store vectors using the Tokenizer's integer mapping
    for word, i in vocab.items():
        weight_matrix[i] = embedding.get(word)
    return weight_matrix

# load embedding from file
raw_embedding = load_embedding('embedding_word2vec.txt')
# get vectors in the right order
embedding_vectors = get_weight_matrix(raw_embedding, t.word_index)

Once you have the embedding matrix you can use it in Embedding layer like this

e = Embedding(vocab_size, 100, weights=[embedding_vectors], input_length=4, trainable=False)

This layer can be used in making a model like this

model = Sequential()
e = Embedding(vocab_size, 100, weights=[embedding_matrix], input_length=4, trainable=False)
model.add(e)
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
# compile the model
model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='binary_crossentropy', metrics=['acc'])
# summarize the model
print(model.summary())
# fit the model
model.fit(padded_docs, labels, epochs=50, verbose=0)

All the codes are adapted from this awesome blog post. follow it to know more about Embeddings using Glove

For using word2vec see this post

回答2:

With the new Gensim version this is pretty easy:

w2v_model.wv.get_keras_embedding(train_embeddings=False)

there you have your Keras embedding layer

回答3:

My code for gensim-trained w2v model. Assume all words trained in the w2v model is now a list variable called all_words.

from keras.preprocessing.text import Tokenizer
import gensim
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from itertools import chain

w2v = gensim.models.Word2Vec.load("models/w2v.model")
vocab = w2v.wv.vocab    
t = Tokenizer()

vocab_size = len(all_words) + 1
t.fit_on_texts(all_words)

def get_weight_matrix():
    # define weight matrix dimensions with all 0
    weight_matrix = np.zeros((vocab_size, w2v.vector_size))
    # step vocab, store vectors using the Tokenizer's integer mapping
    for i in range(len(all_words)):
        weight_matrix[i + 1] = w2v[all_words[i]]
    return weight_matrix

embedding_vectors = get_weight_matrix()
emb_layer = Embedding(vocab_size, output_dim=w2v.vector_size, weights=[embedding_vectors], input_length=FIXED_LENGTH, trainable=False)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52126539/using-pretrained-gensim-word2vec-embedding-in-keras