GraphQL Schema to handle mixed types

Question

I've recently started to research the possibility of using GraphQL for requesting dynamic data configurations. The very first thing that jumps out at me is the strongly-typed concept of GraphQL.

Is there a way for GraphQL schemas to handle arrays of mixed type objects? I would greatly appreciate either an explanation or possibly a reference I can read over.

I am currently working with GraphQL with Node.js but a later implementation will be out of a Java Container. All data will be JSON pulled from MongoDB.

Answer 1

You either have to make these disparate types implement the same interface, make your resolvers return unions, or create a custom scalar to hold the dynamic data.

The cleanest approach is the first one: if your resulting objects can be of a limited number of types, define the types so that they implement the same interface, and type your resolvers by the interface. This allows the client to conditionally select sub-fields based on the actual type, and you maintain type safety.

The second approach has similar limitations: you need to know the possible types ahead of time, but they do not have to implement the same interface. It is preferable when the possible values are unrelated to each other and have either/or semantics, like success/failure.

The custom scalar approach is the only one in which you do not need to know the possible types of the result, i.e. the structure of the result can be completely dynamic. Here's an implementation of that approach, known as JSON scalar (i.e. cram any JSON-serializable structure into a scalar value). The big downside of this approach is that it makes sub-selection impossible, as the entire value becomes one big scalar (even though it's a complex object).

Answer 2

I think it's possible to make a custom/generic type that will fit the need. So that way it's still a strong typed array but the type will be flexable enough to set what you need.

Here is an example with custom types: https://github.com/stylesuxx/graphql-custom-types

Answer 3

If data is completely JSON and you would rather preserve them as is, check out JSON scalar type. Basically,

import { GraphQLObjectType } from 'graphql';
import GraphQLJSON from 'graphql-type-json';

export default new GraphQLObjectType({
  name: 'MyType',
  fields: {
    myField: { type: GraphQLJSON },
  },
});