Docker + mssql-server-linux: How to launch .sql file during build (from Dockerfile)

问题

I am trying to create my own Docker image with MSSQL DB for development. It's based on microsoft/mssql-server-linux image. During the build I want to copy some .sql files into the container and then run these scripts (to create DB schemas, tables, insert some data etc.). My Dockerfile looks like this:

# use MSSQL 2017 image on Ubuntu 16.04
FROM microsoft/mssql-server-linux:2017-latest

# create directory within SQL container for database files
RUN mkdir -p /opt/mssql-scripts

# copy the database files from host to container
COPY sql/000_create_db.sql /opt/mssql-scripts

# set environment variables
ENV MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=P@ssw0rd
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y

# run initial scripts
RUN /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'P@ssw0rd' -i /opt/mssql-scripts/000_create_db.sql

Content of 000_create_db.sql is not important in my opinion.

The real problem is when I am trying to build this Dockerfile with command docker build -t demo . I always get these errors:

Sqlcmd: Error: Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server : Login timeout expired.
Sqlcmd: Error: Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server : TCP Provider: Error code 0x2749.
Sqlcmd: Error: Microsoft ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server : A network-related or instance-specific error has occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. Server is not found or not accessible. Check if instance name is correct and if SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. For more information see SQL Server Books Online..

But when I delete the last command (running initial scripts), build and run image, and call the same command like this:

docker build -t demo .
docker run -p 1433:1433 --name mssql -d demo
docker exec -it mssql "bash"
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'P@ssw0rd' -i /opt/mssql-scripts/000_create_db.sql

Then everything is going well. Why cannot I run script from Dockefile?

回答1:

I ended up using a slightly modified version of VDR's solution which waits for the sqlservr to start by checking the logs instead of sleeping 10 seconds:

RUN ( /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & ) | grep -q "Service Broker manager has started" \
    && /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'P@ssw0rd' -i /opt/mssql-scripts/000_create_db.sql \
    && pkill sqlservr 

回答2:

From the mssql-server-linux dockerfile, looks like mssql is started on docker run, so you have to modify your last "RUN" command in your dockerfile to start sql-server in the background, run your sql file and stop the sql-server.

RUN /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & sleep 10 \
    && /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'P@ssw0rd' -i /opt/mssql-scripts/000_create_db.sql \
    && pkill sqlservr 

回答3:

When you build image main process is not running eat. In your case main process is SQL Server.

Process will run only when you start container with command docker run ...

And you can make database initialization in this phase. microsoft/mssql-server-linux Dockerfile contains some tips

Copy all SQL Server runtime files from build drop into image. COPY ./install /

Just copy into build phase init scripts to ./install dir and it will be executed into start phase.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46888045/docker-mssql-server-linux-how-to-launch-sql-file-during-build-from-dockerfi