Creating a python priority Queue

问题

I would like to build a priority queue in python in which the queue contains different dictionaries with their priority numbers. So when a "get function" is called, the dictionary with the highest priority(lowest number) will be pulled out of the queue and when "add function" is called, the new dictionary will be added to the queue and sorted based on its priority number.

Please do help out...

Thanks in advance!

回答1:

Use the heapq module in the standard library.

You don't specify how you wanted to associate priorities with dictionaries, but here's a simple implementation:

import heapq

class MyPriQueue(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.heap = []

    def add(self, d, pri):
        heapq.heappush(self.heap, (pri, d))

    def get(self):
        pri, d = heapq.heappop(self.heap)
        return d

回答2:

This is what I usually present as a side note in some of my patterns talks:

class PriorityQueue(object):
 def __init__(self, key=lambda x: x):
   self.l = []
   self.key = key
 def __len__(self):
   return len(self.l)
 def push(self, obj):
   heapq.heappush(self.l, (self.key(obj), obj))
 def pop(self):
   return heapq.heappop(self.l)[-1]

The OP's requirements are apparently to use operator.itemgetter('priority') as the key argument when instantiating PriorityQueue (needs an import operator at top of module, of course;-).

回答3:

You can do this by adding a dict object to the class, and search it inside.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3311480/creating-a-python-priority-queue