tr

If I run the command cat file | grep pattern , I get many lines of output. How do you concatenate all lines into one line, effectively replacing each "\n" with "\" " (end with " followed by space)? cat file | grep pattern | xargs sed s/\n/ /g isn't working for me. Use tr '\n' ' ' to translate all newline characters to spaces: $ grep pattern file | tr '\n' ' ' Note: grep reads files, cat concatenates files. Don't cat file | grep ! Edit: tr can only handle single character translations. You could use awk to change the output record separator like: $ grep pattern file | awk '{print}' ORS='" '

I would like to know if there is an equivalent to tr/// (as used in Perl) in Java. For example, if I wanted to replace all "s"s with "p"s in "mississippi" and vice versa, I could, in Perl, write #shebang and pragmas snipped... my $str = "mississippi"; $str =~ tr/sp/ps/; # $str = "mippippissi" print $str; The only way I can think of to do it in Java is to use a dummy character with the String.replace() method, i.e. String str = "mississippi"; str = str.replace('s', '#'); // # is just a dummy character to make sure // any original 's' doesn't get switched to a 'p' // and back to an 's' with the