fully-qualified-naming

What is the fully qualified name of a friend function defined inside of a class? I recently saw an example analogous to the following. What is the fully qualified name of val() below? #include <iostream> namespace foo { class A { int x; public: A(int x = 0) : x(x) { } friend int val(const A &a) { return a.x; } }; } int main() { foo::A a(42); // val() found using ADL: std::cout << val(a) << std::endl; // foo::val(a); // error: 'val' is not a member of 'foo' // foo::A::val(a); // error: 'val' is not a member of 'foo::A' return 0; } Is argument-dependent lookup the only way val() can be found?

What is the best way to match fully qualified Java class name in a text? Examples: java.lang.Reflect , java.util.ArrayList , org.hibernate.Hibernate . Tomalak A Java fully qualified class name (lets say "N") has the structure N.N.N.N The "N" part must be a Java identifier. Java identifiers cannot start with a number, but after the initial character they may use any combination of letters and digits, underscores or dollar signs: ([a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z\d_$]*\.)*[a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z\d_$]* ------------------------ ----------------------- N N They can also not be a reserved word (like import , true or