django

Python中的mixin模式

旧巷老猫 提交于 2021-02-17 19:35:35
转载注明,本文链接: http://www.bianbingdang.com/article_detail/167.html MixIn和继承的关系 面向对象三大特征,继承、封装、多态。第一次看到MixIn的时候,弄不懂这个和继承有什么关系/区别。首先,继承是父亲和儿子的关系,而python minxin是混入的意思。虽然,MinIn子类可以使用,父类的方法,但这并不是一种继承的关系,而是父类为子类提供了一种可用的方法。 继承的诟病 子类、父类继承关系过多,会导致思维上的混乱,比如我们的父类派生出很多个子类,我们会一直考虑继承了XXX,如果父类没有这个方法,则子类再创造一个方法,那么子类这个方法多个地方用到,我们又得把它加入到父类才行,这样下来并不是很合适。 MixIn MixIn的方式则没有那么得拘束,例如有个Persion类 class Person(): pass 这个人需要修电脑,但是我不会修怎么办。那我写个修电脑的方法给他,那显然不合适。那怎么办,刚好这个人有个朋友,过来帮帮忙吧。 class FriendMixIn(): def repair_compute: return True class Person(FriendMixIn): pass 那么很快就明白,MixIn相当于在原来的基础上,锦上添花。他是包含的意思,而不是继承的关系。

How to write a Pandas Dataframe to existing Django model

核能气质少年 提交于 2021-02-17 19:32:51
问题 I am trying to insert data in a Pandas DataFrame into an existing Django model, Agency , that uses a SQLite backend. However, following the answers on How to write a Pandas Dataframe to Django model and Saving a Pandas DataFrame to a Django Model leads to the whole SQLite table being replaced and breaking the Django code. Specifically, it is the Django auto-generated id primary key column that is replaced by index that causes the errors when rendering templates ( no such column: agency.id ).

Why isn't admin.autodiscover() called automatically in Django when using the admin, why was it designed to be called explicitly?

放肆的年华 提交于 2021-02-17 19:13:49
问题 Without putting admin.autodiscover() in urls.py the admin page shows You don't have permission to edit anything (See SO thread). Why is this so? If you always need to add admin.autodiscover() to edit information using the admin even though you have a superuser name and password for security why didn't the Django developers trigger admin.autodiscover() automatically?. 回答1: (edit: Obsoleted after Django 1.7+, not necessary more, see Alasdair's answer) I think it's about giving you finer control

Why isn't admin.autodiscover() called automatically in Django when using the admin, why was it designed to be called explicitly?

我怕爱的太早我们不能终老 提交于 2021-02-17 19:13:28
问题 Without putting admin.autodiscover() in urls.py the admin page shows You don't have permission to edit anything (See SO thread). Why is this so? If you always need to add admin.autodiscover() to edit information using the admin even though you have a superuser name and password for security why didn't the Django developers trigger admin.autodiscover() automatically?. 回答1: (edit: Obsoleted after Django 1.7+, not necessary more, see Alasdair's answer) I think it's about giving you finer control

Why isn't admin.autodiscover() called automatically in Django when using the admin, why was it designed to be called explicitly?

狂风中的少年 提交于 2021-02-17 19:13:16
问题 Without putting admin.autodiscover() in urls.py the admin page shows You don't have permission to edit anything (See SO thread). Why is this so? If you always need to add admin.autodiscover() to edit information using the admin even though you have a superuser name and password for security why didn't the Django developers trigger admin.autodiscover() automatically?. 回答1: (edit: Obsoleted after Django 1.7+, not necessary more, see Alasdair's answer) I think it's about giving you finer control

Selenium: Element not clickable … Other Element Would Receive Click

泪湿孤枕 提交于 2021-02-17 18:57:09
问题 When running Selenium tests on my Django project, I've started to get the error: selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Element is not clickable at point (61, 24.300003051757812). Other element would receive the click: <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"></a> It is odd for two reasons: First, the tests previously passed and I have not edited that part of the code base. Second, when the Selenium-driven Firefox Window pops up and I maximize the page, the tests pass. But when I let

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe7 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

|▌冷眼眸甩不掉的悲伤 提交于 2021-02-17 15:20:42
问题 I'm having troubles in encoding characters in utf-8. I'm using Django, and I get this error when I tried to send an Android notification with non-plain text. I tried to find where the source of the error and I managed to figure out that the source of the error is not in my project. In python shell, I type: 'ç'.encode('utf8') and I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe7 in position 0:

How to return generated file download with Django REST Framework?

北城以北 提交于 2021-02-17 15:16:51
问题 I need to return generated file download as a Django REST Framework response. I tried the following: def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs): template = webodt.ODFTemplate('test.odt') queryset = Pupils.objects.get(id=kwargs['pk']) serializer = StudentSerializer(queryset) context = dict(serializer.data) document = template.render(Context(context)) doc = converter().convert(document, format='doc') res = HttpResponse( FileWrapper(doc), content_type='application/msword' ) res['Content

How to return generated file download with Django REST Framework?

爷,独闯天下 提交于 2021-02-17 15:16:50
问题 I need to return generated file download as a Django REST Framework response. I tried the following: def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs): template = webodt.ODFTemplate('test.odt') queryset = Pupils.objects.get(id=kwargs['pk']) serializer = StudentSerializer(queryset) context = dict(serializer.data) document = template.render(Context(context)) doc = converter().convert(document, format='doc') res = HttpResponse( FileWrapper(doc), content_type='application/msword' ) res['Content

什么是测试驱动开发及其重要性

你。 提交于 2021-02-17 13:50:45
顾翔老师的《软件测试技术实战设计、工具及管理》网上购买地址: https://item.jd.com/34295655089.html 《基于Django的电子商务网站》网上购买地址: https://item.jd.com/12082665.html 店铺二维码: 来源: https://www.maiyewang.com/ 测试是任何软件开发项目中最重要的步骤之一。如果跳过此过程,则结果可能是灾难性的-对项目和公司而言。但是什么时候应该对软件进行测试?在项目完成后进行测试似乎是合乎逻辑的。但是,经典测试过程的功能是有限的。如果您先编写代码,然后再测试实现,则可能会遇到一些问题,即过度研发,设计偏离,可测试性问题。幸运的是,有一种方法可以应对这些挑战,它被称为–测试驱动开发。 什么是TDD或测试驱动开发? TDD是测试驱动开发的缩写,它指的是设计范例,其中软件组件测试用于指导整个开发过程。要了解TDD的工作原理,首先,最好定义其重要概念之一-单元测试。 什么是软件单元测试?   单元测试 是一种将代码分解成小的独立单元的方法。 单元测试的主要目的是独立评估每个组件的行为,以验证它们是否正常运行。 单元测试通常由开发人员执行,但也可以由质量经理执行。 一些软件开发人员认为单元测试是浪费时间,但是实践表明情况恰恰相反。   在系统测试, 集成测试 和Beta测试阶段,