参考 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/johden2/p/5692765.html
例子演示
测试数据
/*-----1.行转列的测试数据--------------------------*/ IF OBJECT_ID('tbScore') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tbScore GO CREATE TABLE tbScore ( 姓名 VARCHAR(10) , 课程 VARCHAR(10) , 分数 INT, 日期 DATETIME ) GO INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '张三', '语文', 74,GETDATE() ) --INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '张三', '数学', 83 ,GETDATE() ) INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '张三', '物理', 93 ,GETDATE() ) INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '李四', '语文', 74 ,GETDATE() ) INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '李四', '数学', 84 ,GETDATE() ) INSERT INTO tbScore VALUES ( '李四', '物理', 94 ,GETDATE() ) GO /*-----2.列转行的测试数据--------------------------*/ IF OBJECT_ID('tbScoreNew') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tbScoreNew GO CREATE TABLE tbScoreNew( 姓名 VARCHAR(10) , 语文 INT, 数学 INT, 物理 INT, 日期 DATETIME ) GO INSERT INTO tbScoreNew VALUES ( '李四', 74,84,94,GETDATE() ) INSERT INTO tbScoreNew VALUES ( '张三', 74,83,93,GETDATE() ) GO /*-----3.动态增加列实现行转列(模拟组内项目要求)--------------------------*/ IF OBJECT_ID('tbDeptBudget') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tbDeptBudget GO --部门预算 CREATE TABLE tbDeptBudget ( ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY, DeptCode VARCHAR(20),--部门编码 DeptName NVARCHAR(100), --部门名称 ProCode VARCHAR(20),--项目编码 ProName NVARCHAR(100),--项目名称 Year INT, --年度 BudgetAmount DECIMAL(18,2), --预算金额 FactAmount DECIMAL(18,2), --实际金额 RemainAmount DECIMAL(18,2), --剩余金额 CreateTime DATETIME --创建时间 ) GO INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('人事部','010000','01','差旅费',2014,100000.00,80000.00,20000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('人事部','010000','01','差旅费',2015,110000.00,90000.00,50000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('人事部','010000','01','差旅费',2016,120000.00,100000.00,80000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('人事部','010000','02','办公用品',2015,200000.00,150000.00,10000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('人事部','010000','02','办公用品',2016,160000.00,120000.00,80000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('财务部','020000','02','办公用品',2014,50000.00,40000.00,0.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('财务部','020000','02','办公用品',2015,50000.00,50000.00,10000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('财务部','020000','02','办公用品',2016,60000.00,50000.00,40000.00,GETDATE()); INSERT INTO tbDeptBudget(DeptName,DeptCode,ProCode,ProName,YEAR,BudgetAmount,FactAmount,RemainAmount,CreateTime) VALUES('财务部','020000','03','采购费',2016,100000.00,80000.00,60000.00,GETDATE()); 1、实现行转列
- case WHEN实现
/*-----1.1 Case WHEN 实现行转列----------*/ --(1)静态SQL SELECT [姓名], max(CASE 课程 WHEN '语文' THEN 分数 ELSE 0 end) AS 语文, max(CASE 课程 WHEN '数学' THEN 分数 ELSE 0 end)AS 数学, max(CASE 课程 WHEN '物理' THEN 分数 ELSE 0 end)AS 物理, SUM(分数) AS 总分, AVG(分数) AS 平均分 FROM tbScore GROUP BY [姓名] --(2)动态SQL DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(500) SET @sql = 'SELECT [姓名]' SELECT @sql = @sql + ',MAX(CASE [课程] WHEN ''' + [课程] + ''' THEN [分数] ELSE 0 END)[' + [课程] + ']' FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT [课程] FROM tbScore ) T1 --同FROM tbScore GROUP BY [课程]，默认按课程名排序 SET @sql = @sql + ' FROM tbScore GROUP BY [姓名]' PRINT '@sql: ' + @sql EXEC(@sql)
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PIVOT 实现行转列，其中的NULL值发现还不好处理为0
--(1)静态SQL SELECT [姓名] , [语文] , [数学] , [物理] FROM ( SELECT [分数] , [课程] , [姓名] FROM tbScore ) AS SourceTable PIVOT ( AVG([分数]) FOR [课程] IN ( 语文, 数学, 物理 ) ) T --(2)动态SQL DECLARE @sql2 VARCHAR(8000) SET @sql2 = '' SELECT @sql2 = @sql2 + ',' + [课程] FROM dbo.tbScore GROUP BY [课程] --STUFF： 删除指定长度的字符，并在指定的起点处插入另一组字符。 SET @sql2= STUFF(@sql2,1,1,'') --去掉首个',' SET @sql2 = 'SELECT [姓名],' + @sql2 + ' FROM (SELECT [分数],[课程],[姓名] FROM tbScore ) AS SourceTable PIVOT ( AVG([分数]) FOR [课程] IN ( ' + @sql2 + ') ) T' PRINT @sql2 EXEC(@sql2)
文章来源: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33341938/article/details/91844983