c#之 quartz的学习

匿名 (未验证) 提交于 2019-12-02 23:34:01

  目录:

    一. Quartz的API

    二.Trigger 的使用

    三.使用 JobDataMap 来往Job中传值

    五.SimpleTrigger

    六.CronTrigger

一. Quartz的API

  • IScheduler - 与 scheduler 进行交互的主要接口
  • IJob - 你希望被 scheduler 执行的组件的接口
  • IJobDetail - 用于定义 Jobs 实例
  • ITrigger - 定义将会在scheduler上执行的 job 上的组件
  • JobBuilder - 用于定义或建立(define/build) JobDetail 实例,JobDetail定义了Jobs实例
  • TriggerBuilder - 用于定义或建立 Trigger 实例

这一篇

二.Trigger 的使用

// define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class     IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloJob>()         .WithIdentity("myJob", "group1") // name "myJob", group "group1"         .Build();              // Trigger the job to run now, and then every 40 seconds     ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()         .WithIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")         .StartNow()         .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x             .WithIntervalInSeconds(40)             .RepeatForever())                     .Build();              // Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger     await sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);

  • WithCalendarIntervalSchedule
  • WithCronSchedule
  • WithDailyTimeIntervalSchedule
  • WithSimpleSchedule

三.使用 JobDataMap 来往Job中传值

在JobDataMap中设置值

// define the job and tie it to our DumbJob class IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<DumbJob>()     .WithIdentity("myJob", "group1") // name "myJob", group "group1"     .UsingJobData("jobSays", "Hello World!")     .UsingJobData("myFloatValue", 3.141f)     .Build();

从JobDataMap中获取值

public class DumbJob : IJob {     public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)     {         JobKey key = context.JobDetail.Key;          JobDataMap dataMap = context.JobDetail.JobDataMap;          string jobSays = dataMap.GetString("jobSays");         float myFloatValue = dataMap.GetFloat("myFloatValue");          await Console.Error.WriteLineAsync("Instance " + key + " of DumbJob says: " + jobSays + ", and val is: " + myFloatValue);     } }

还有从 JobExecutionContext’s merged JobDataMap 中获取值的方式

public class DumbJob : IJob {     public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)     {         JobKey key = context.JobDetail.Key;          JobDataMap dataMap = context.MergedJobDataMap;  // Note the difference from the previous example          string jobSays = dataMap.GetString("jobSays");         float myFloatValue = dataMap.GetFloat("myFloatValue");         IList<DateTimeOffset> state = (IList<DateTimeOffset>)dataMap["myStateData"];         state.Add(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow);          await Console.Error.WriteLineAsync("Instance " + key + " of DumbJob says: " + jobSays + ", and val is: " + myFloatValue);     } }

或者,可以通过注入 data map 的值到类中

public class DumbJob : IJob {     public string JobSays { private get; set; }     public float FloatValue { private get; set; }      public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)     {         JobKey key = context.JobDetail.Key;          JobDataMap dataMap = context.MergedJobDataMap;  // Note the difference from the previous example          IList<DateTimeOffset> state = (IList<DateTimeOffset>)dataMap["myStateData"];         state.Add(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow);          await Console.Error.WriteLineAsync("Instance " + key + " of DumbJob says: " + JobSays + ", and val is: " + FloatValue);     } }

ICalendar 接口

namespace Quartz {     public interface ICalendar     {         string Description { get; set; }          ICalendar CalendarBase { set; get; }          bool IsTimeIncluded(DateTimeOffset timeUtc);          DateTime GetNextIncludedTimeUtc(DateTimeOffset timeUtc);          ICalendar Clone();     } } 

示例:

    HolidayCalendar cal = new HolidayCalendar();     cal.AddExcludedDate(someDate);          await sched.AddCalendar("myHolidays", cal, false);          ITrigger t = TriggerBuilder.Create()         .WithIdentity("myTrigger")         .ForJob("myJob")         .WithSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.DailyAtHourAndMinute(9, 30)) // execute job daily at 9:30 每天9:30执行         .ModifiedByCalendar("myHolidays") // but not on holidays 不包含假期         .Build();      // .. schedule job with trigger      ITrigger t2 = TriggerBuilder.Create()         .WithIdentity("myTrigger2")         .ForJob("myJob2")         .WithSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.DailyAtHourAndMinute(11, 30)) // execute job daily at 11:30         .ModifiedByCalendar("myHolidays") // but not on holidays         .Build();          // .. schedule job with trigger2 

用来在日历上的某一段时间不必执行任务时,可以使用这种方式

五.SimpleTrigger

这里列举一些Simple Trigger 的使用示例

1.建立一个在某个时间点的触发器,不重复执行

// trigger builder creates simple trigger by default, actually an ITrigger is returned ISimpleTrigger trigger = (ISimpleTrigger) TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger1", "group1")     .StartAt(myStartTime) // some Date      .ForJob("job1", "group1") // identify job with name, group strings     .Build();

2.建立一个某个时间点的触发器,并且每10秒执行一次,执行10次

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .StartAt(myTimeToStartFiring) // if a start time is not given (if this line were omitted), "now" is implied     .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x         .WithIntervalInSeconds(10)         .WithRepeatCount(10)) // note that 10 repeats will give a total of 11 firings     .ForJob(myJob) // identify job with handle to its JobDetail itself                        .Build();

3.建立一个触发器,在之后每5分钟执行一次

trigger = (ISimpleTrigger) TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger5", "group1")     .StartAt(DateBuilder.FutureDate(5, IntervalUnit.Minute)) // use DateBuilder to create a date in the future     .ForJob(myJobKey) // identify job with its JobKey     .Build();

4.建立一个触发器,每5分钟执行一次,知道22:00

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger7", "group1")     .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x         .WithIntervalInMinutes(5)         .RepeatForever())     .EndAt(DateBuilder.DateOf(22, 0, 0))     .Build();

5.建立一个触发器,将在下一个整点执行,每2个小时执行一次

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger8") // because group is not specified, "trigger8" will be in the default group     .StartAt(DateBuilder.EvenHourDate(null)) // get the next even-hour (minutes and seconds zero ("00:00"))     .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x         .WithIntervalInHours(2)         .RepeatForever())     // note that in this example, 'forJob(..)' is not called      //  - which is valid if the trigger is passed to the scheduler along with the job       .Build();  await scheduler.scheduleJob(trigger, job);

六.CronTrigger

CronExpression 用于配置CronTrigger 的实例,Cron-Expression 是一个由7个 sub-expression 组成的字符串,

这7个 sub-expression 由空格分隔开,代表的含义:

  1. Seconds
  2. Minutes
  3. Hours
  4. Day-of-Month
  5. Month
  6. Day-of-Week
  7. Year (optional field)

这里的1-7个,每个都是一个field ;

1.单独的 sub-expression 可以包含 ranges and/or (即某个范围,与,或) ,

2.通配符可以被用来表示可能的值,因此前面例子中的 Month 处的 * ,意味着每个月;而 Day-of-Month 处如果使用 * ,表示 这周的每天

3.所有的field 都有一个有效值的集合可被指定。

  • Months : 0-11 或者用JAN, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV ,DEC

4. / 符号,可以用来指定值的增量。例如 0/15 表示在Minutes field 处,它意味着每15分钟,从0分钟开始;如果 ‘3/20’ ,表示在Minutes field 处,每20分钟,从3分钟处开始;

5.? 符号,用于day-of-month 和 day-of-week 处。用于指定没有特定值。当你需要在这两个field中的其中一个指定值,而另一个不指定时,是有用的;

6. L 符号,用在 day-of-month 和 day-of-week 处。这个符号是 last 的缩写,在两个不同的field (指day-of-month 和day-of-week )有不同的含义。

  例如,

  L 用在day-of-month处意味着月份的最后一个天;

  L单独用在day-of-week 处,表示 7 或者 SAT ,

  但是如果用在另一个值的后面,则意味着 the last xxx day of the month ,

  例如,6L或者FRIL 这两个都意味着 the last friday of the month 即这个月的最后一个周五;

  当使用L时,不要指定 lists 或者范围值,因为你将得到令人困惑的结果。

7.W 符号,指定最接近给定日期的周(星期)。例如,当你在 day-of-month 处指定15W时,意味着最接近这个月15号的周(星期)。

8. # 符号,指定月份的第几个周(星期),例如, 在day-of-week 处的 6#3 或者 FRI#3 意味着月份的第三个周五

下面是一些使用示例

1>.每5分钟执行一次

  "0 0/5 * * * ?"

2>.每5分钟,并且这分钟的10秒开始执行(i.e. 10:00:10 am, 10:05:10 am, etc

  "10 0/5 * * * ?"

3>.每周三和周五的10:30,11:30,12:30,13:30 执行

"  0 30 10-13 ? * WED,FRI"

4>.在每个月的5号和20号,在8点和10点之间,每30分钟执行一次(10:00不执行,在8:00,8:30,9:00,9:30 执行)

  "0 0/30 8-9 5,20 * ?"

建立CronTriggers

在每天上午8:00到17:00之间,每隔1秒执行一次

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .WithCronSchedule("0 0/2 8-17 * * ?")     .ForJob("myJob", "group1")     .Build();

在每天10:42am执行

// we use CronScheduleBuilder's static helper methods here trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .WithSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.DailyAtHourAndMinute(10, 42))     .ForJob(myJobKey)     .Build();

或者

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .WithCronSchedule("0 42 10 * * ?")     .ForJob("myJob", "group1")     .Build();

建立一个触发器,在每周三10:42执行,并且指定一个TimeZone而不是系统默认的

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .WithSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder         .WeeklyOnDayAndHourAndMinute(DayOfWeek.Wednesday, 10, 42)         .InTimeZone(TimeZoneInfo.FindSystemTimeZoneById("Central America Standard Time")))     .ForJob(myJobKey)     .Build();

trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()     .WithIdentity("trigger3", "group1")     .WithCronSchedule("0 42 10 ? * WED", x => x         .InTimeZone(TimeZoneInfo.FindSystemTimeZoneById("Central America Standard Time")))     .ForJob(myJobKey)     .Build();

还有一些监听的listener 等其他知识,这里没讲,

可以参考网址

https://www.quartz-scheduler.net/documentation/quartz-3.x/tutorial/index.html

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