在Netty使用ChannelFuture和ChannelPromise进行异步操作的处理
这是官方给出的ChannelFutur描述
1 * | Completed successfully | 2 * +---------------------------+ 3 * +----> isDone() = true | 4 * +--------------------------+ | | isSuccess() = true | 5 * | Uncompleted | | +===========================+ 6 * +--------------------------+ | | Completed with failure | 7 * | isDone() = false | | +---------------------------+ 8 * | isSuccess() = false |----+----> isDone() = true | 9 * | isCancelled() = false | | | cause() = non-null | 10 * | cause() = null | | +===========================+ 11 * +--------------------------+ | | Completed by cancellation | 12 * | +---------------------------+ 13 * +----> isDone() = true | 14 * | isCancelled() = true | 15 * +---------------------------+
由图可以知道ChannelFutur有四种状态：Uncompleted、Completed successfully、Completed with failure、Completed by cancellation，这几种状态是由isDone、isSuccess、isCancelled、cause这四种方法的返回值决定的。
ChannelFutur接口的定义如下：
1 public interface ChannelFuture extends Future<Void> { 2 Channel channel(); 3 4 ChannelFuture addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> var1); 5 6 ChannelFuture addListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 7 8 ChannelFuture removeListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> var1); 9 10 ChannelFuture removeListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 11 12 ChannelFuture sync() throws InterruptedException; 13 14 ChannelFuture syncUninterruptibly(); 15 16 ChannelFuture await() throws InterruptedException; 17 18 ChannelFuture awaitUninterruptibly(); 19 20 boolean isVoid(); 21 } 继承自Netty的Future：
1 public interface Future<V> extends java.util.concurrent.Future<V> { 2 boolean isSuccess(); 3 4 boolean isCancellable(); 5 6 Throwable cause(); 7 8 Future<V> addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> var1); 9 10 Future<V> addListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 11 12 Future<V> removeListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> var1); 13 14 Future<V> removeListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 15 16 Future<V> sync() throws InterruptedException; 17 18 Future<V> syncUninterruptibly(); 19 20 Future<V> await() throws InterruptedException; 21 22 Future<V> awaitUninterruptibly(); 23 24 boolean await(long var1, TimeUnit var3) throws InterruptedException; 25 26 boolean await(long var1) throws InterruptedException; 27 28 boolean awaitUninterruptibly(long var1, TimeUnit var3); 29 30 boolean awaitUninterruptibly(long var1); 31 32 V getNow(); 33 34 boolean cancel(boolean var1); 35 } Netty的Future又继承自JDK的Future：
1 public interface Future<V> { 2 3 boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning); 4 5 boolean isCancelled(); 6 7 boolean isDone(); 8 9 V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException; 10 11 V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) 12 throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException; 13 }
ChannelPromise继承了ChannelFuture：
1 public interface ChannelPromise extends ChannelFuture, Promise<Void> { 2 Channel channel(); 3 4 ChannelPromise setSuccess(Void var1); 5 6 ChannelPromise setSuccess(); 7 8 boolean trySuccess(); 9 10 ChannelPromise setFailure(Throwable var1); 11 12 ChannelPromise addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> var1); 13 14 ChannelPromise addListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 15 16 ChannelPromise removeListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> var1); 17 18 ChannelPromise removeListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 19 20 ChannelPromise sync() throws InterruptedException; 21 22 ChannelPromise syncUninterruptibly(); 23 24 ChannelPromise await() throws InterruptedException; 25 26 ChannelPromise awaitUninterruptibly(); 27 28 ChannelPromise unvoid(); 29 } 其中Promise接口定义如下：
1 public interface Promise<V> extends Future<V> { 2 Promise<V> setSuccess(V var1); 3 4 boolean trySuccess(V var1); 5 6 Promise<V> setFailure(Throwable var1); 7 8 boolean tryFailure(Throwable var1); 9 10 boolean setUncancellable(); 11 12 Promise<V> addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> var1); 13 14 Promise<V> addListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 15 16 Promise<V> removeListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> var1); 17 18 Promise<V> removeListeners(GenericFutureListener... var1); 19 20 Promise<V> await() throws InterruptedException; 21 22 Promise<V> awaitUninterruptibly(); 23 24 Promise<V> sync() throws InterruptedException; 25 26 Promise<V> syncUninterruptibly(); 27 }
在Netty中，无论是服务端还是客户端，在Channel注册时都会为其绑定一个ChannelPromise，默认实现是DefaultChannelPromise
DefaultChannelPromise定义如下：
1 public class DefaultChannelPromise extends DefaultPromise<Void> implements ChannelPromise, FlushCheckpoint { 2 3 private final Channel channel; 4 private long checkpoint; 5 6 public DefaultChannelPromise(Channel channel) { 7 this.channel = checkNotNull(channel, "channel"); 8 } 9 10 public DefaultChannelPromise(Channel channel, EventExecutor executor) { 11 super(executor); 12 this.channel = checkNotNull(channel, "channel"); 13 } 14 15 @Override 16 protected EventExecutor executor() { 17 EventExecutor e = super.executor(); 18 if (e == null) { 19 return channel().eventLoop(); 20 } else { 21 return e; 22 } 23 } 24 25 @Override 26 public Channel channel() { 27 return channel; 28 } 29 30 @Override 31 public ChannelPromise setSuccess() { 32 return setSuccess(null); 33 } 34 35 @Override 36 public ChannelPromise setSuccess(Void result) { 37 super.setSuccess(result); 38 return this; 39 } 40 41 @Override 42 public boolean trySuccess() { 43 return trySuccess(null); 44 } 45 46 @Override 47 public ChannelPromise setFailure(Throwable cause) { 48 super.setFailure(cause); 49 return this; 50 } 51 52 @Override 53 public ChannelPromise addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> listener) { 54 super.addListener(listener); 55 return this; 56 } 57 58 @Override 59 public ChannelPromise addListeners(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>>... listeners) { 60 super.addListeners(listeners); 61 return this; 62 } 63 64 @Override 65 public ChannelPromise removeListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> listener) { 66 super.removeListener(listener); 67 return this; 68 } 69 70 @Override 71 public ChannelPromise removeListeners(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>>... listeners) { 72 super.removeListeners(listeners); 73 return this; 74 } 75 76 @Override 77 public ChannelPromise sync() throws InterruptedException { 78 super.sync(); 79 return this; 80 } 81 82 @Override 83 public ChannelPromise syncUninterruptibly() { 84 super.syncUninterruptibly(); 85 return this; 86 } 87 88 @Override 89 public ChannelPromise await() throws InterruptedException { 90 super.await(); 91 return this; 92 } 93 94 @Override 95 public ChannelPromise awaitUninterruptibly() { 96 super.awaitUninterruptibly(); 97 return this; 98 } 99 100 @Override 101 public long flushCheckpoint() { 102 return checkpoint; 103 } 104 105 @Override 106 public void flushCheckpoint(long checkpoint) { 107 this.checkpoint = checkpoint; 108 } 109 110 @Override 111 public ChannelPromise promise() { 112 return this; 113 } 114 115 @Override 116 protected void checkDeadLock() { 117 if (channel().isRegistered()) { 118 super.checkDeadLock(); 119 } 120 } 121 122 @Override 123 public ChannelPromise unvoid() { 124 return this; 125 } 126 127 @Override 128 public boolean isVoid() { 129 return false; 130 } 131 } 可以看到这个DefaultChannelPromise仅仅是将Channel封装了，而且其基本上所有方法的实现都依赖于父类DefaultPromise
DefaultPromise中的实现是整个ChannelFuture和ChannelPromise的核心所在：
DefaultPromise中有如下几个状态量：
1 private static final int MAX_LISTENER_STACK_DEPTH = Math.min(8, 2 SystemPropertyUtil.getInt("io.netty.defaultPromise.maxListenerStackDepth", 8)); 3 private static final Object SUCCESS = new Object(); 4 private static final Object UNCANCELLABLE = new Object(); 5 private static final CauseHolder CANCELLATION_CAUSE_HOLDER = new CauseHolder(ThrowableUtil.unknownStackTrace( 6 new CancellationException(), DefaultPromise.class, "cancel(...)")); 7 private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<DefaultPromise, Object> RESULT_UPDATER = 8 AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(DefaultPromise.class, Object.class, "result"); MAX_LISTENER_STACK_DEPTH： 表示最多可执行listeners的数量，默认是8
SUCCESS ：表示异步操作正常完成
UNCANCELLABLE：表示异步操作不可取消，并且尚未完成
CANCELLATION_CAUSE_HOLDER：表示异步操作取消监听，用于cancel操作，
而CauseHolder 的实例对象是用来表示异步操作异常结束，同时保存异常信息：
1 private static final class CauseHolder { 2 final Throwable cause; 3 CauseHolder(Throwable cause) { 4 this.cause = cause; 5 } 6 }
RESULT_UPDATER：是一个原子更新器，通过CAS操作，原子化更新 DefaultPromise对象的名为result的成员，这个result成员是其异步操作判断的关键所在
DefaultPromise的成员及构造方法定义：
1 public class DefaultPromise<V> extends AbstractFuture<V> implements Promise<V> { 2 private volatile Object result; 3 private final EventExecutor executor; 4 private Object listeners; 5 private short waiters; 6 private boolean notifyingListeners; 7 8 public DefaultPromise(EventExecutor executor) { 9 this.executor = checkNotNull(executor, "executor"); 10 } 11 } result：就是前面说的，判断异步操作状态的关键
result的取值有：SUCCESS 、UNCANCELLABLE、CauseHolder以及null (其实还可以是泛型V类型的任意对象，这里暂不考虑)
executor：就是Channel绑定的NioEventLoop，在我之前的博客说过，Channel的异步操作都是在NioEventLoop的线程中完成的（[Netty中NioEventLoopGroup的创建源码分析](https://blog.csdn.net/Z_ChenChen/article/details/90567863)）
listeners：通过一个Object保存所有对异步操作的监听，用于异步操作的回调
waiters：记录阻塞中的listeners的数量
notifyingListeners：是否需要唤醒的标志
首先来看isDone方法，通过之前的图可以知道，
isDone为false对应了Uncompleted状态，即异步操作尚未完成；
isDone为true则代表了异步操作完成，但是还是有三种完成情况，需要结合别的判断方法才能具体知道是哪种情况；
isDone方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean isDone() { 3 return isDone0(result); 4 } 调用isDone0：
1 private static boolean isDone0(Object result) { 2 return result != null && result != UNCANCELLABLE; 3 } 有如下几种情况：
result等于null，result没有赋值，表示异步操作尚未完成（从这里就能想到异步操作完成，需要调用某个set方法来改变result的状态）
result是UNCANCELLABLE状态，表示执行中的异步操作不可取消，当然也就是异步操作尚未完成
result不等于null，且不等于UNCANCELLABLE，就表示异步操作完成（包括正常完成，以及异常结束，需要由cause方法进一步判断）
isSuccess方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean isSuccess() { 3 Object result = this.result; 4 return result != null && result != UNCANCELLABLE && !(result instanceof CauseHolder); 5 } 由这里可以知道当且仅当result 为SUCCESS状态时，才返回true（其余除UNCANCELLABLE和null的值其实也可以，这里暂不考虑）
isCancelled方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean isCancelled() { 3 return isCancelled0(result); 4 } 调用isCancelled0方法：
1 private static boolean isCancelled0(Object result) { 2 return result instanceof CauseHolder && ((CauseHolder) result).cause instanceof CancellationException; 3 } 只有当result是CancellationException的实例时，表示取消异步操作
接着来看cause方法：
1 @Override 2 public Throwable cause() { 3 Object result = this.result; 4 return (result instanceof CauseHolder) ? ((CauseHolder) result).cause : null; 5 } 和上面同理，通过判别resul是否是CauseHolder的实现类，若是，将CauseHolder保存的异常返回。
几种状态的判别说完了，下面看一下如何设置这几种状态的：
setSuccess方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> setSuccess(V result) { 3 if (setSuccess0(result)) { 4 notifyListeners(); 5 return this; 6 } 7 throw new IllegalStateException("complete already: " + this); 8 } 首先调用setSuccess0方法，其中result的泛型通过DefaultChannelPromise可知是Void，在DefaultChannelPromise中所有的set和try操作参数都是null，这里的result也就不去考虑：
1 private boolean setSuccess0(V result) { 2 return setValue0(result == null ? SUCCESS : result); 3 } 继续调用setValue0方法：
1 private boolean setValue0(Object objResult) { 2 if (RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, null, objResult) || 3 RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, UNCANCELLABLE, objResult)) { 4 checkNotifyWaiters(); 5 return true; 6 } 7 return false; 8 } 通过CAS操作，将result状态变为SUCCESS
其中checkNotifyWaiters方法：
1 private synchronized void checkNotifyWaiters() { 2 if (waiters > 0) { 3 notifyAll(); 4 } 5 } 检查waiters的个数，唤醒所有阻塞中的this，sync方法会引起阻塞
回到setSuccess方法中，setSuccess0通过CAS操作，将result状态更新为SUCCESS成功后，调用
notifyListeners方法，唤醒所有listener完成对异步操作的回调
listeners是通过addListener方法添加的，用来对异步操作进行侦听：
看到addListener方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> addListener(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener) { 3 checkNotNull(listener, "listener"); 4 5 synchronized (this) { 6 addListener0(listener); 7 } 8 9 if (isDone()) { 10 notifyListeners(); 11 } 12 13 return this; 14 } 15 16 @Override 17 public Promise<V> addListeners(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>>... listeners) { 18 checkNotNull(listeners, "listeners"); 19 20 synchronized (this) { 21 for (GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener : listeners) { 22 if (listener == null) { 23 break; 24 } 25 addListener0(listener); 26 } 27 } 28 29 if (isDone()) { 30 notifyListeners(); 31 } 32 33 return this; 34 } 其中GenericFutureListener接口定义如下：
1 public interface GenericFutureListener<F extends Future<?>> extends EventListener { 2 /** 3 * Invoked when the operation associated with the {@link Future} has been completed. 4 * 5 * @param future the source {@link Future} which called this callback 6 */ 7 void operationComplete(F future) throws Exception; 8 } 可以看到listener其实就是通过operationComplete方法，来完成回调，对Future对象进行处理，由注释可知operationComplete方法是在future操作完成时调用
addListeners方法的实现比较简单，实现核心是在addListener0中：
1 private void addListener0(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener) { 2 if (listeners == null) { 3 listeners = listener; 4 } else if (listeners instanceof DefaultFutureListeners) { 5 ((DefaultFutureListeners) listeners).add(listener); 6 } else { 7 listeners = new DefaultFutureListeners((GenericFutureListener<?>) listeners, listener); 8 } 9 } 其中DefaultFutureListeners是将GenericFutureListener对象封装的一个数组：
1 final class DefaultFutureListeners { 2 3 private GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>>[] listeners; 4 private int size; 5 private int progressiveSize; 6 7 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 8 DefaultFutureListeners( 9 GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>> first, GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>> second) { 10 listeners = new GenericFutureListener[2]; 11 listeners[0] = first; 12 listeners[1] = second; 13 size = 2; 14 if (first instanceof GenericProgressiveFutureListener) { 15 progressiveSize ++; 16 } 17 if (second instanceof GenericProgressiveFutureListener) { 18 progressiveSize ++; 19 } 20 } 21 22 public void add(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>> l) { 23 GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>>[] listeners = this.listeners; 24 final int size = this.size; 25 if (size == listeners.length) { 26 this.listeners = listeners = Arrays.copyOf(listeners, size << 1); 27 } 28 listeners[size] = l; 29 this.size = size + 1; 30 31 if (l instanceof GenericProgressiveFutureListener) { 32 progressiveSize ++; 33 } 34 } 35 36 public void remove(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>> l) { 37 final GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>>[] listeners = this.listeners; 38 int size = this.size; 39 for (int i = 0; i < size; i ++) { 40 if (listeners[i] == l) { 41 int listenersToMove = size - i - 1; 42 if (listenersToMove > 0) { 43 System.arraycopy(listeners, i + 1, listeners, i, listenersToMove); 44 } 45 listeners[-- size] = null; 46 this.size = size; 47 48 if (l instanceof GenericProgressiveFutureListener) { 49 progressiveSize --; 50 } 51 return; 52 } 53 } 54 } 55 56 public GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<?>>[] listeners() { 57 return listeners; 58 } 59 60 public int size() { 61 return size; 62 } 63 64 public int progressiveSize() { 65 return progressiveSize; 66 } 67 } size：记录listeners的个数
progressiveSize：记录GenericProgressiveFutureListener类型的listeners的个数
DefaultFutureListeners 中对数组的操作比较简单，
add方法，当size达到数组长度时，进行二倍扩容，
其中GenericProgressiveFutureListener继承自GenericFutureListener：
1 public interface GenericProgressiveFutureListener<F extends ProgressiveFuture<?>> extends GenericFutureListener<F> { 2 /** 3 * Invoked when the operation has progressed. 4 * 5 * @param progress the progress of the operation so far (cumulative) 6 * @param total the number that signifies the end of the operation when {@code progress} reaches at it. 7 * {@code -1} if the end of operation is unknown. 8 */ 9 void operationProgressed(F future, long progress, long total) throws Exception; 10 } 由注释可知operationProgressed是在future操作进行时调用，这里不对GenericProgressiveFutureListener过多讨论
回到addListener0方法，由DefaultFutureListeners就可以知道，实际上通过DefaultFutureListeners管理的一维数组来保存listeners
在addListener方法完成对listener的添加后，还会调用isDone方法检查当前异步操作是否完成，若是完成需要调用notifyListeners，直接唤醒所有listeners完后对异步操作的回调
有add就有remove，removeListener方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> removeListener(final GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener) { 3 checkNotNull(listener, "listener"); 4 5 synchronized (this) { 6 removeListener0(listener); 7 } 8 9 return this; 10 } 11 12 @Override 13 public Promise<V> removeListeners(final GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>>... listeners) { 14 checkNotNull(listeners, "listeners"); 15 16 synchronized (this) { 17 for (GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener : listeners) { 18 if (listener == null) { 19 break; 20 } 21 removeListener0(listener); 22 } 23 } 24 25 return this; 26 } 还是由removeListener0来实现：
1 private void removeListener0(GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super V>> listener) { 2 if (listeners instanceof DefaultFutureListeners) { 3 ((DefaultFutureListeners) listeners).remove(listener); 4 } else if (listeners == listener) { 5 listeners = null; 6 } 7 } 看过之前的内容在看这里就比较简单了，通过DefaultFutureListeners去删除
notifyListeners方法：
1 private void notifyListeners() { 2 EventExecutor executor = executor(); 3 if (executor.inEventLoop()) { 4 final InternalThreadLocalMap threadLocals = InternalThreadLocalMap.get(); 5 final int stackDepth = threadLocals.futureListenerStackDepth(); 6 if (stackDepth < MAX_LISTENER_STACK_DEPTH) { 7 threadLocals.setFutureListenerStackDepth(stackDepth + 1); 8 try { 9 notifyListenersNow(); 10 } finally { 11 threadLocals.setFutureListenerStackDepth(stackDepth); 12 } 13 return; 14 } 15 } 16 17 safeExecute(executor, new Runnable() { 18 @Override 19 public void run() { 20 notifyListenersNow(); 21 } 22 }); 23 } 其中executor方法：
1 protected EventExecutor executor() { 2 return executor; 3 } 用来获取executor轮询线程对象
判断executor是否处于轮询，否则需要通过safeExecute方法处理listeners的侦听，
safeExecute方法：
1 private static void safeExecute(EventExecutor executor, Runnable task) { 2 try { 3 executor.execute(task); 4 } catch (Throwable t) { 5 rejectedExecutionLogger.error("Failed to submit a listener notification task. Event loop shut down?", t); 6 } 7 } 这里保证了listeners的侦听回调是异步执行
InternalThreadLocalMap在我之前的博客中说过，是Netty使用的ThreadLocal （Netty中FastThreadLocal源码分析）
去线程本地变量中找futureListenerStackDepth（默认为0），判断stackDepth是否小于MAX_LISTENER_STACK_DEPTH，否则也要通过safeExecute方法处理listeners的侦听
核心都是调用notifyListenersNow方法：
1 private void notifyListenersNow() { 2 Object listeners; 3 synchronized (this) { 4 // Only proceed if there are listeners to notify and we are not already notifying listeners. 5 if (notifyingListeners || this.listeners == null) { 6 return; 7 } 8 notifyingListeners = true; 9 listeners = this.listeners; 10 this.listeners = null; 11 } 12 for (;;) { 13 if (listeners instanceof DefaultFutureListeners) { 14 notifyListeners0((DefaultFutureListeners) listeners); 15 } else { 16 notifyListener0(this, (GenericFutureListener<?>) listeners); 17 } 18 synchronized (this) { 19 if (this.listeners == null) { 20 // Nothing can throw from within this method, so setting notifyingListeners back to false does not 21 // need to be in a finally block. 22 notifyingListeners = false; 23 return; 24 } 25 listeners = this.listeners; 26 this.listeners = null; 27 } 28 } 29 } 先检查是否需要监听，满足条件后，判断listeners是否是DefaultFutureListeners，即包装后的数组
notifyListeners0方法：
1 private void notifyListeners0(DefaultFutureListeners listeners) { 2 GenericFutureListener<?>[] a = listeners.listeners(); 3 int size = listeners.size(); 4 for (int i = 0; i < size; i ++) { 5 notifyListener0(this, a[i]); 6 } 7 } 遍历这个数组，实则调用notifyListener0方法：
1 private static void notifyListener0(Future future, GenericFutureListener l) { 2 try { 3 l.operationComplete(future); 4 } catch (Throwable t) { 5 if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { 6 logger.warn("An exception was thrown by " + l.getClass().getName() + ".operationComplete()", t); 7 } 8 } 9 } 这里就可以看到，完成了对operationComplete的回调，处理future
setSuccess结束，再来看trySuccess方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean trySuccess(V result) { 3 if (setSuccess0(result)) { 4 notifyListeners(); 5 return true; 6 } 7 return false; 8 } 对比setSuccess来看，只有返回值不一样
setFailure方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> setFailure(Throwable cause) { 3 if (setFailure0(cause)) { 4 notifyListeners(); 5 return this; 6 } 7 throw new IllegalStateException("complete already: " + this, cause); 8 } 9 10 private boolean setFailure0(Throwable cause) { 11 return setValue0(new CauseHolder(checkNotNull(cause, "cause"))); 12 } 13 14 private boolean setValue0(Object objResult) { 15 if (RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, null, objResult) || 16 RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, UNCANCELLABLE, objResult)) { 17 checkNotifyWaiters(); 18 return true; 19 } 20 return false; 21 } 和setSuccess逻辑一样，只不过CAS操作将状态变为了CauseHolder对象，成功后唤醒listeners对异步操作的回调
tryFailure方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean tryFailure(Throwable cause) { 3 if (setFailure0(cause)) { 4 notifyListeners(); 5 return true; 6 } 7 return false; 8 } 也都是一个逻辑
还有一个setUncancellable方法：
1 @Override 2 public boolean setUncancellable() { 3 if (RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, null, UNCANCELLABLE)) { 4 return true; 5 } 6 Object result = this.result; 7 return !isDone0(result) || !isCancelled0(result); 8 } 若是result状态为null，异步操作尚未结束，直接通过CAS操作将状态变为UNCANCELLABLE
否则若是根据状态来判断
下来看到cancel方法：
1 /** 2 * {@inheritDoc} 3 * 4 * @param mayInterruptIfRunning this value has no effect in this implementation. 5 */ 6 @Override 7 public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { 8 if (RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, null, CANCELLATION_CAUSE_HOLDER)) { 9 checkNotifyWaiters(); 10 notifyListeners(); 11 return true; 12 } 13 return false; 14 } mayInterruptIfRunning正如注释中所说，在这里没有什么作用
还是通过CAS操作，将状态变为CANCELLATION_CAUSE_HOLDER，调用checkNotifyWaiters唤醒因sync阻塞的线程，notifyListeners方法回调listeners的侦听
最后看到sync方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> sync() throws InterruptedException { 3 await(); 4 rethrowIfFailed(); 5 return this; 6 } 先调用await方法：
1 @Override 2 public Promise<V> await() throws InterruptedException { 3 if (isDone()) { 4 return this; 5 } 6 7 if (Thread.interrupted()) { 8 throw new InterruptedException(toString()); 9 } 10 11 checkDeadLock(); 12 13 synchronized (this) { 14 while (!isDone()) { 15 incWaiters(); 16 try { 17 wait(); 18 } finally { 19 decWaiters(); 20 } 21 } 22 } 23 return this; 24 } 先判断能否执行（异步操作尚未结束，当前线程没有被中断），然后调用checkDeadLock方法：
1 protected void checkDeadLock() { 2 EventExecutor e = executor(); 3 if (e != null && e.inEventLoop()) { 4 throw new BlockingOperationException(toString()); 5 } 6 } 检查轮询线程是否在工作
在synchronized块中以自身为锁，自旋等待异步操作的完成，若是没完成，调用incWaiters方法：
1 private void incWaiters() { 2 if (waiters == Short.MAX_VALUE) { 3 throw new IllegalStateException("too many waiters: " + this); 4 } 5 ++waiters; 6 } 在小于Short.MAX_VALUE的情况下，对waiters自增，
然后使用wait将自身阻塞，等待被唤醒
所以在之前setValue0时，checkNotifyWaiters操作会notifyAll，
由此可以知道sync方法的作用：在某一线程中调用sync方法会使得当前线程被阻塞，只有当异步操作执完毕，通过上面的set方法改变状态后，才会调用checkNotifyWaiters方法唤醒当前线程。
当从阻塞中被唤醒后调用decWaiters方法：
1 private void decWaiters() { 2 --waiters; 3 } 使得waiters自减
通过这样一种自旋方式，一直等到isDone成立，结束自旋，进而结束await方法，然后调用rethrowIfFailed方法：
1 private void rethrowIfFailed() { 2 Throwable cause = cause(); 3 if (cause == null) { 4 return; 5 } 6 7 PlatformDependent.throwException(cause); 8 } 根据异步操作是否有异常，进而使用PlatformDependent抛出异常。
至此Netty中的ChannelFuture和ChannelPromise分析到此全部结束。