How to include a string chain in a LaTeXed subscript in Python matplotlib [duplicate]

Question

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• How can I print literal curly-brace characters in python string and also use .format on it? 11 answers

I want to write in the legend of a matplotlib figure a variable with a subscript using LaTeX. One possible code for this kind of problem could be:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

a, b = 1, 0
string = "({0},{1})".format(n,l)
x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 1e3)

fig = plt.figure(0)
ax = plt.subplot(111)
ax.plot(x, np.sin(x), 'b', label = r"Function for $E_{}$".format(string))
ax.legend()
plt.savefig("example_fig.png")

However, this code produces a plot where only the first element of the string chain "string" is used: Example of the problem

I tried to solve this problem using .format{string[:]} or $E_{{}}$ but it doesn't seem to work, and I don't have more ideas.

Answer 1

You need to use three braces, a brace is escaped with another brace so two {{ print a literal {. The third gets formatted.

>>> string = '(1,2)'
>>> 'E_{{{}}}'.format(string)
'E_{(1,2)}'

Format String Syntax for reference.