环境配置：
MySQL Master IP: 192.168.200.111
MySQL Slave1 IP: 192.168.200.112
MySQL Slave2 IP: 192.168.200.113
MySQL Amoeba IP: 192.168.200.114
MySQL Client IP: 192.168.200.115
1、在主机Amoeba上安装java环境
因为Amoeba是基于jdk1.5版本开发的，所以官方推荐使用1.5或者1.6版本，高版本不建议使用。
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
[root@localhost ~]# ./jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
[root@localhost ~]# mv jdk1.6.0_31/ /usr/local/jdk1.6
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$HOME/bin
export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba
export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_31"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_31-b04)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.6-b01, mixed mode)
自带高版本java问题
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_161"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b14, mixed mode)
方法一：卸载高版本
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i openjdk
java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.171-2.6.13.2.el7.x86_64
java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.171-2.6.13.2.el7.x86_64
java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.161-2.b14.el7.x86_64
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.161-2.b14.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless java-1.7.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless java-1.8.0-openjdk –nodeps
方法二：删除高版本java程序文件
[root@localhost ~]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/bin/java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_161"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b14, mixed mode)
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/bin/java
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
2、安装并配置Amoeba
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/amoeba
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba
3、配置Amoeba读写分离，两个Slave读负载均衡
在Master、Slave1、Slave2服务器中配置Amoeba的访问授权
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'test'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123.com';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
编辑amoeba.xml配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml{,.bak}
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml
30 <property name="user">amoeba</property>
32 <property name="password">123456</property>
115 <property name="defaultPool">master</property>
117 <property name="writePool">master</property>
118 <property name="readPool">slaves</property>
编辑dbServers.xml配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml{,.bak}
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml
<!-- mysql port -->
<property name="port">3306</property>
<!-- mysql schema -->
<property name="schema">test</property>
<!-- mysql user -->
<property name="user">test</property>
<!-- mysql password -->
<property name="password">123.com</property>
<dbServer name="master" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.111</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave1" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.112</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave2" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.113</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true">
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
配置无误后，启动Amoeba软件，默认端口是TCP协议8066
[root@localhost ~]# nohup /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start &
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt |grep :8066
tcp6 0 0 :::8066 :::* LISTEN
65320/java
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt |grep :3306
tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:7232 192.168.200.113:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:36284 192.168.200.112:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:36280 192.168.200.112:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:7234 192.168.200.113:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:6938 192.168.200.111:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java tcp6 0 0 192.168.200.114:6936 192.168.200.111:3306 ESTABLIS
HED 65320/java
在Client上进行访问测试
[root@client ~]# yum -y install mairadb-devel mariadb
然后可以通过代理访问MySQL
[root@client ~]# mysql -uamoeba -p123456 -h192.168.200.114 -P8066
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1305701886
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0 MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]>
在Mysql主服务器上创建一个表，会自动同步到各个从服务器上，然后关掉各个从服务器上的Slave功能，在分别插入语句测试。
主服务器
MariaDB [(none)]> create database db_test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use db_test;
Database changed
MariaDB [db_test]> create table student (id int(10),name varchar(10),address varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
分别在两台从服务器上
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db_test |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sampdb |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use db_test;
Database changed
MariaDB [db_test]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_db_test |
+-------------------+
| student |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
master
MySQL [(none)]> insert into student values('1','crushlinux','this_is_master');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.18 sec)
slave1
MySQL [(none)]> use db_test
MySQL [(none)]> insert into student values('2','crushlinux','this_is_slave1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
slave2
MySQL [(none)]> use db_test
MySQL [(none)]> insert into student values('3','crushlinux','this_is_slave2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
测试读操作：
在测试机上第1次查询结果
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
在测试机上第2次查询结果
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
在测试机上第3次查询结果
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
测试写操作：
在Client上插入一条语句：
MySQL [(none)]> use db_test
MySQL [(none)]> insert into student values('4','crushlinux','write_test');
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
但在Client上查询不到，最终只有在Master上才能查看到这条语句内容，说明写操作在master服务器上
MySQL [(none)]> select * from student;
+------+-------+----------------+
| id | name | address |
+------+-------+----------------+
| 1 | crushlinux | this_is_master |
| 4 | crushlinux | write_test |
+------+-------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
由此验证，已经实现了Mysql读写分离，目前所有的写操作都在Master主服务器上，用来避免数据的不同步，所有的读操作都平分给了Slave从服务器，用来分担数据库压力。
分别在两台从服务器上启用slave功能
MariaDB [db_test]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)