问题
When logging in C#, how can I learn the name of the method that called the current method? I know all about System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod(), but I want to go one step beneath this in the stack trace. I\'ve considered parsing the stack trace, but I am hoping to find a cleaner more explicit way, something like Assembly.GetCallingAssembly() but for methods.
回答1:
Try this:
using System.Diagnostics;
// Get call stack
StackTrace stackTrace = new StackTrace();
// Get calling method name
Console.WriteLine(stackTrace.GetFrame(1).GetMethod().Name);
It is from Get Calling Method using Reflection [C#].
回答2:
In C# 5 you can get that information using caller info:
//using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
public void SendError(string Message, [CallerMemberName] string callerName = "")
{
Console.WriteLine(callerName + "called me.");
}
You can also get the [CallerFilePath] and [CallerLineNumber].
回答3:
You can use Caller Information and optional parameters:
public static string WhoseThere([CallerMemberName] string memberName = "")
{
return memberName;
}
This test illustrates this:
[Test]
public void Should_get_name_of_calling_method()
{
var methodName = CachingHelpers.WhoseThere();
Assert.That(methodName, Is.EqualTo("Should_get_name_of_calling_method"));
}
While the StackTrace works quite fast above and would not be a performance issue in most cases the Caller Information is much faster still. In a sample of 1000 iterations, I clocked it as 40 times faster.
回答4:
We can improve on Mr Assad's code (the current accepted answer) just a little bit by instantiating only the frame we actually need rather than the entire stack:
new StackFrame(1).GetMethod().Name;
This might perform a little better, though in all likelihood it still has to use the full stack to create that single frame. Also, it still has the same caveats that Alex Lyman pointed out (optimizer/native code might corrupt the results). Finally, you might want to check to be sure that new StackFrame(1) or .GetFrame(1) don't return null, as unlikely as that possibility might seem.
See this related question: Can you use reflection to find the name of the currently executing method?
回答5:
In general, you can use the System.Diagnostics.StackTrace class to get a System.Diagnostics.StackFrame, and then use the GetMethod() method to get a System.Reflection.MethodBase object. However, there are some caveats to this approach:
- It represents the runtime stack -- optimizations could inline a method, and you will not see that method in the stack trace.
- It will not show any native frames, so if there's even a chance your method is being called by a native method, this will not work, and there is in-fact no currently available way to do it.
(NOTE: I am just expanding on the answer provided by Firas Assad.)
回答6:
A quick recap of the 2 approaches with speed comparison being the important part.
http://geekswithblogs.net/BlackRabbitCoder/archive/2013/07/25/c.net-little-wonders-getting-caller-information.aspx
Determining the caller at compile-time
static void Log(object message,
[CallerMemberName] string memberName = "",
[CallerFilePath] string fileName = "",
[CallerLineNumber] int lineNumber = 0)
{
// we'll just use a simple Console write for now
Console.WriteLine("{0}({1}):{2} - {3}", fileName, lineNumber, memberName, message);
}
Determining the caller using the stack
static void Log(object message)
{
// frame 1, true for source info
StackFrame frame = new StackFrame(1, true);
var method = frame.GetMethod();
var fileName = frame.GetFileName();
var lineNumber = frame.GetFileLineNumber();
// we'll just use a simple Console write for now
Console.WriteLine("{0}({1}):{2} - {3}", fileName, lineNumber, method.Name, message);
}
Comparison of the 2 approaches
Time for 1,000,000 iterations with Attributes: 196 ms
Time for 1,000,000 iterations with StackTrace: 5096 ms
So you see, using the attributes is much, much faster! Nearly 25x faster in fact.
回答7:
As of .NET 4.5 you can use Caller Information Attributes:
- CallerFilePath - The source file that called the function;
- CallerLineNumber - Line of code that called the function;
CallerMemberName - Member that called the function.
public void WriteLine( [CallerFilePath] string callerFilePath = "", [CallerLineNumber] long callerLineNumber = 0, [CallerMemberName] string callerMember= "") { Debug.WriteLine( "Caller File Path: {0}, Caller Line Number: {1}, Caller Member: {2}", callerFilePath, callerLineNumber, callerMember); }
This facility is also present in ".NET Core" and ".NET Standard".
References
- Microsoft - Caller Information (C#)
- Microsoft - CallerFilePathAttribute Class
- Microsoft - CallerLineNumberAttribute Class
- Microsoft - CallerMemberNameAttribute Class
回答8:
Note that doing so will be unreliable in release code, due to optimization. Additionally, running the application in sandbox mode (network share) won't allow you to grab the stack frame at all.
Consider aspect-oriented programming (AOP), like PostSharp, which instead of being called from your code, modifies your code, and thus knows where it is at all times.
回答9:
Obviously this is a late answer, but I have a better option if you can use .NET 4.5 or more:
internal static void WriteInformation<T>(string text, [CallerMemberName]string method = "")
{
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString() + " => " + typeof(T).FullName + "." + method + ": " + text);
}
This will print the current Date and Time, followed by "Namespace.ClassName.MethodName" and ending with ": text".
Sample output:
6/17/2016 12:41:49 PM => WpfApplication.MainWindow..ctor: MainWindow initialized
Sample use:
Logger.WriteInformation<MainWindow>("MainWindow initialized");
回答10:
/// <summary>
/// Returns the call that occurred just before the "GetCallingMethod".
/// </summary>
public static string GetCallingMethod()
{
return GetCallingMethod("GetCallingMethod");
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the call that occurred just before the the method specified.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="MethodAfter">The named method to see what happened just before it was called. (case sensitive)</param>
/// <returns>The method name.</returns>
public static string GetCallingMethod(string MethodAfter)
{
string str = "";
try
{
StackTrace st = new StackTrace();
StackFrame[] frames = st.GetFrames();
for (int i = 0; i < st.FrameCount - 1; i++)
{
if (frames[i].GetMethod().Name.Equals(MethodAfter))
{
if (!frames[i + 1].GetMethod().Name.Equals(MethodAfter)) // ignores overloaded methods.
{
str = frames[i + 1].GetMethod().ReflectedType.FullName + "." + frames[i + 1].GetMethod().Name;
break;
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception) { ; }
return str;
}
回答11:
Maybe you are looking for something like this:
StackFrame frame = new StackFrame(1);
frame.GetMethod().Name; //Gets the current method name
MethodBase method = frame.GetMethod();
method.DeclaringType.Name //Gets the current class name
回答12:
private static MethodBase GetCallingMethod()
{
return new StackFrame(2, false).GetMethod();
}
private static Type GetCallingType()
{
return new StackFrame(2, false).GetMethod().DeclaringType;
}
A fantastic class is here: http://www.csharp411.com/c-get-calling-method/
回答13:
Another approach I have used is to add a parameter to the method in question. For example, instead of void Foo(), use void Foo(string context). Then pass in some unique string that indicates the calling context.
If you only need the caller/context for development, you can remove the param before shipping.
回答14:
StackFrame caller = (new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace()).GetFrame(1);
string methodName = caller.GetMethod().Name;
will be enough, I think.
回答15:
Take a look at Logging method name in .NET. Beware of using it in production code. StackFrame may not be reliable...
回答16:
We can also use lambda's in order to find the caller.
Suppose you have a method defined by you:
public void MethodA()
{
/*
* Method code here
*/
}
and you want to find it's caller.
1. Change the method signature so we have a parameter of type Action (Func will also work):
public void MethodA(Action helperAction)
{
/*
* Method code here
*/
}
2. Lambda names are not generated randomly. The rule seems to be: > <CallerMethodName>__X where CallerMethodName is replaced by the previous function and X is an index.
private MethodInfo GetCallingMethodInfo(string funcName)
{
return GetType().GetMethod(
funcName.Substring(1,
funcName.IndexOf(">", 1, StringComparison.Ordinal) - 1)
);
}
3. When we call MethodA the Action/Func parameter has to be generated by the caller method. Example:
MethodA(() => {});
4. Inside MethodA we can now call the helper function defined above and find the MethodInfo of the caller method.
Example:
MethodInfo callingMethodInfo = GetCallingMethodInfo(serverCall.Method.Name);
回答17:
For getting Method Name and Class Name try this:
public static void Call()
{
StackTrace stackTrace = new StackTrace();
var methodName = stackTrace.GetFrame(1).GetMethod();
var className = methodName.DeclaringType.Name.ToString();
Console.WriteLine(methodName.Name + "*****" + className );
}
回答18:
Extra information to Firas Assaad answer.
I have used new StackFrame(1).GetMethod().Name; in .net core 2.1 with dependency injection and I am getting calling method as 'Start'.
I tried with [System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallerMemberName] string callerName = ""
and it gives me correct calling method
回答19:
var callingMethod = new StackFrame(1, true).GetMethod();
string source = callingMethod.ReflectedType.FullName + ": " + callingMethod.Name;
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/171970/how-can-i-find-the-method-that-called-the-current-method