SQLalchemy with multiple object hierarchy

问题

I'm trying to build a hierarchy of objects using SQLAlchemy in the Pyramid framework. I have a working hierarchy set up - currently a C object has B as its parent, which has A as its parent.

But I need to change it so that model B can have A, B, or C as it's parent, etc. I tried using an Association table but the foreign keys used in it also links to only one type of object. I'd also like to keep the current Children and Parent relationship attributes.

This is my current models.py file:

DBSession = scoped_session(sessionmaker(extension=ZopeTransactionExtension()))
Base = declarative_base()

class Root(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'Root'
    ID = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

    Children = relationship("A",
                        backref='Parent',
                        cascade="all, delete, delete-orphan")


class A(Base):
    def getID():
        return uuid.uuid1().hex

    __tablename__ = 'A'
    ID = Column(Text, primary_key=True, default=getID)
    ParentID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('Root.ID'))

    Children = relationship("B",
                            backref='Parent',
                            cascade="all, delete, delete-orphan")

class B(Base):
    def getID():
        return uuid.uuid1().hex

    __tablename__ = 'B'
    ID = Column(Text, primary_key=True, default=getID)
    ParentID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('A.ID'))
                      cascade="all, delete, delete-orphan")

    Children = relationship("C",
                            backref='Parent',
                            cascade="all, delete, delete-orphan")


class C(Base):
    def getID():
        return uuid.uuid1().hex

    __tablename__ = 'C'
    ID = Column(Text, primary_key=True, default=getID)
    Name = Column(Text)
    ParentID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('B.ID'))

    Children = []

Therefore my end goal is to have a hierarchy where any node can have any number of children of any type A, B, C.

Note: I used uuid for the primary key ID so that each ID in the entire hierarchy is unique.

回答1:

Thanks to van and using Inheritance, here is my solution if it could help anyone else:

from sqlalchemy import (
    Column,
    Integer,
    Text,
    ForeignKey,
)

from sqlalchemy.orm import (
    scoped_session,
    sessionmaker,
    relationship,
    backref,
)

import uuid
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from zope.sqlalchemy import ZopeTransactionExtension

DBSession = scoped_session(sessionmaker(extension=ZopeTransactionExtension()))
Base = declarative_base()

class Node(Base):
    """
    An object representing a node in the hierarchy.
    All the other objects inherit from Node.
    """

    def getID():
        return uuid.uuid1().hex

    __tablename__ = 'Node'
    ID = Column(Text, primary_key=True, default=getID)
    ParentID = Column(Text, ForeignKey('Node.ID'))
    type = Column(Text(50))

    Children = relationship("Node",
                backref=backref('Parent', remote_side=[ID], uselist=False)
            )

    __mapper_args__ = {
        'polymorphic_identity':'Node',
        'polymorphic_on':type
    }


 class A(Node):
    __tablename__ = 'A'
    ID = Column(Text, ForeignKey('Node.ID'), primary_key=True)

    __mapper_args__ = {
        'polymorphic_identity':'A',
    }

class B(Node):
    __tablename__ = 'B'
    ID = Column(Text, ForeignKey('Node.ID'), primary_key=True)

    __mapper_args__ = {
        'polymorphic_identity':'B',
    }

class C(Node):
    __tablename__ = 'C'
    ID = Column(Text, ForeignKey('Node.ID'), primary_key=True)

    __mapper_args__ = {
        'polymorphic_identity':'C',
    }

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28726372/sqlalchemy-with-multiple-object-hierarchy

标签

python

sqlalchemy

class-hierarchy