Is there a single function, similar to "runif", "rnorm" and the like which will produce simulated predictions for a linear model? I can code it on my own, but the code is ugly and I assume that this is something someone has done before.
slope = 1.5
intercept = 0
x = as.numeric(1:10)
e = rnorm(10, mean=0, sd = 1)
y = slope * x + intercept + e
fit = lm(y ~ x, data = df)
newX = data.frame(x = as.numeric(11:15))
What I'm interested in is a function that looks like the line below:
sims = rlm(1000, fit, newX)
That function would return 1000 simulations of y values, based on the new x variables.
Showing that Gavin Simpson's suggestion of modifying stats:::simulate.lm
is a viable one.
## Modify stats:::simulate.lm by inserting some tracing code immediately
## following the line that reads "ftd <- fitted(object)"
trace(what = stats:::simulate.lm,
tracer = quote(ftd <- list(...)[["XX"]]),
at = list(5))
## Prepare the data and 'fit' object
df <- data.frame(x=x<-1:10, y=1.5*x + rnorm(length(x)))
fit <- lm(y ~ x, data = df)
newX <- 8:1
## Pass in new x-values via the argument 'XX'
simulate(fit, nsim = 4, XX = newX)
# sim_1 sim_2 sim_3 sim_4
# 1 8.047710 8.647585 7.9798728 8.400672
# 2 6.398029 7.714972 7.9713929 7.813381
# 3 5.469346 5.626544 4.8691962 5.282176
# 4 4.689371 4.310656 4.2029540 5.257732
# 5 4.628518 4.467887 3.6893648 4.018744
# 6 2.724857 4.280262 2.8902676 4.347371
# 7 1.532617 2.400321 2.4991168 3.357327
# 8 1.300993 1.379705 0.1740421 1.549881
That works, but this is a cleaner (and likely better) approach:
## A function for simulating at new x-values
simulateX <- function(object, nsim=1, seed=NULL, X, ...) {
object$fitted.values <- X
simulate(object=object, nsim=nsim, seed=seed, ...)
}
## Prepare a fit object and some new x-values
df <- data.frame(x=x<-1:10, y=1.5*x + rnorm(length(x)))
fit <- lm(y ~ x, data = df)
newX <- 8:1
## Try it out
simulateX(fit, nsim = 4, X = newX)
# sim_1 sim_2 sim_3 sim_4
# 1 8.828988 6.890874 7.397280 8.1605794
# 2 6.162839 8.174032 3.612395 7.7999466
# 3 5.861858 6.351116 3.448205 4.3721326
# 4 5.298132 4.448778 2.006416 5.7637724
# 5 7.260219 4.015543 3.063622 4.2845775
# 6 3.107047 4.859839 6.202650 -1.0956775
# 7 1.501132 1.086691 -1.273628 0.4926548
# 8 1.197866 1.573567 2.137449 0.9694006
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14967813/is-there-a-function-or-package-which-will-simulate-predictions-for-an-object-ret