问题
I am running a script on a solaris Box. specifically SunOS 5.7. I am not root. I am trying to execute a script similar to the following:
newgrp thegroup << FOO
source .login_stuff
echo "hello world"
FOO
The Script runs. The problem is it returns back to the calling process which puts me in the old group with the source .login_stuff not being sourced. I understand this behavior. What I am looking for is a way to stay in the sub shell. Now I know I could put an xterm& (see below) in the script and that would do it, but having a new xterm is undesirable.
Passing your current pid as a parameter.
newgrp thegroup << FOO
source .login_stuff
xterm&
echo $1
kill -9 $1
FOO
I do not have sg available. Also, newgrp is necessary.
回答1:
newgrp adm << ANYNAME
# You can do more lines than just this.
echo This is running as group \$(id -gn)
ANYNAME
..will output:
This is running as group adm
Be careful -- Make sure you escape the '$' with a slash. The interactions are a little strange, because it expands even single-quotes before it executes the shell as the other group. so, if your primary group is 'users', and the group you're trying to use is 'adm', then:
newgrp adm << END
# You can do more lines than just this.
echo 'This is running as group $(id -gn)'
END
..will output:
This is running as group users
..because 'id -gn' was run by the current shell, then sent to the one running as adm. Anyways, I know this post is ancient, but hope this is useful to someone.
回答2:
The following works nicely; put the following bit at the top of the (Bourne or Bash) script:
### first become another group
group=admin
if [ $(id -gn) != $group ]; then
exec sg $group "$0 $*"
fi
### now continue with rest of the script
This works fine on Linuxen. One caveat: arguments containing spaces are broken apart. I suggest you use the env arg1='value 1' arg2='value 2' script.sh construct to pass them in (I couldn't get it to work with $@ for some reason)
回答3:
The newgrp command can only meaningfully be used from an interactive shell, AFAICT. In fact, I gave up on it about ... well, let's say long enough ago that the replacement I wrote is now eligible to vote in both the UK and the USA.
Note that newgrp is a special command 'built into' the shell. Strictly, it is a command that is external to the shell, but the shell has built-in knowledge about how to handle it. The shell actually exec's the program, so you get a new shell immediately afterwards. It is also a setuid root program. On Solaris, at least, newgrp also seems to ignore the SHELL environment variable.
I have a variety of programs that work around the issue that newgrp was intended to address. Remember, the command pre-dates the ability of users to belong to multiple groups at once (see the Version 7 Unix Manuals). Since newgrp does not provide a mechanism to execute commands after it executes, unlike su or sudo, I wrote a program newgid which, like newgrp, is a setuid root program and allows you to switch from one group to another. It is fairly simple - just main() plus a set of standardized error reporting functions used. Contact me (first dot last at gmail dot com) for the source. I also have a much more dangerous command called 'asroot' that allows me (but only me - under the default compilation) to tweak user and group lists much more thoroughly.
asroot: Configured for use by jleffler only
Usage: asroot [-hnpxzV] [<uid controls>] [<gid controls>] [-m umask] [--] command [arguments]
<uid controls> = [-u usr|-U uid] [-s euser|-S euid][-i user]
<gid controls> = [-C] [-g grp|-G gid] [-a grp][-A gid] [-r egrp|-R egid]
Use -h for more help
Option summary:
-a group Add auxilliary group (by name)
-A gid Add auxilliary group (by number)
-C Cancel all auxilliary groups
-g group Run with specified real GID (by name)
-G gid Run with specified real GID (by number)
-h Print this message and exit
-i Initialize UID and GIDs as if for user (by name or number)
-m umask Set umask to given value
-n Do not run program
-p Print privileges to be set
-r euser Run with specified effective UID (by name)
-R euid Run with specified effective UID (by number)
-s egroup Run with specified effective GID (by name)
-S egid Run with specified effective GID (by number)
-u user Run with specified real UID (by name)
-U uid Run with specified real UID (by number)
-V Print version and exit
-x Trace commands that are executed
-z Do not verify the UID/GID numbers
Mnemonic for effective UID/GID:
s is second letter of user;
r is second letter of group
(This program grew: were I redoing it from scratch, I would accept user ID or user name without requiring different option letters; ditto for group ID or group name.)
It can be tricky to get permission to install setuid root programs. There are some workarounds available now because of the multi-group facilities. One technique that may work is to set the setgid bit on the directories where you want the files created. This means that regardless of who creates the file, the file will belong to the group that owns the directory. This often achieves the effect you need - though I know of few people who consistently use this.
回答4:
This example was expanded from plinjzaad's answer; it handles a command line which contains quoted parameters that contain spaces.
#!/bin/bash
group=wg-sierra-admin
if [ $(id -gn) != $group ]
then
# Construct an array which quotes all the command-line parameters.
arr=("${@/#/\"}")
arr=("${arr[*]/%/\"}")
exec sg $group "$0 ${arr[@]}"
fi
### now continue with rest of the script
# This is a simple test to show that it works.
echo "group: $(id -gn)"
# Show all command line parameters.
for i in $(seq 1 $#)
do
eval echo "$i:\${$i}"
done
I used this to demonstrate that it works.
% ./sg.test 'a b' 'c d e' f 'g h' 'i j k' 'l m' 'n o' p q r s t 'u v' 'w x y z'
group: wg-sierra-admin
1:a b
2:c d e
3:f
4:g h
5:i j k
6:l m
7:n o
8:p
9:q
10:r
11:s
12:t
13:u v
14:w x y z
回答5:
Maybe
exec $SHELL
would do the trick?
回答6:
You could use sh& (or whatever shell you want to use) instead of xterm&
Or you could also look into using an alias (if your shell supports this) so that you would stay in the context of the current shell.
回答7:
In a script file eg tst.ksh:
#! /bin/ksh
/bin/ksh -c "newgrp thegroup"
At the command line:
>> groups fred
oldgroup
>> tst.ksh
>> groups fred
thegroup
回答8:
sudo su - [user-name] -c exit;
Should do the trick :)
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/299728/how-do-you-use-newgrp-in-a-script-then-stay-in-that-group-when-the-script-exits