实时同步sersync实战
什么是实时同步
实时同步是一种只要当前目录发生变化则会触发一个事件,事件触发后会将变化的目录同步至远程服务器。
sersync和rsync+inotify对比
提到数据同步就必然会谈到rsync
,一般简单的服务器数据传输会使用ftp/sftp
等方式,但是这样的方式效率不高,不支持差异化增量同步也不支持实时传输。针对数据实时同步需求大多数人会选择rsync+inotify-tools
的解决方案,但是这样的方案也存在一些缺陷(文章中会具体指出),sersync
是国人基于前两者开发的工具,不仅保留了优点同时还强化了实时监控,文件过滤,简化配置等功能,帮助用户提高运行效率,节省时间和网络资源。
sersync项目实战
1)环境准备
角色 | 外网IP(NAT) | 内网IP(LAN) | 安装工具 |
---|---|---|---|
web01 | eth0:10.0.0.7 | eth1:172.16.1.7 | 部署代码(提交作业) |
nfs-server | eth0:10.0.0.31 | eth1:172.16.1.31 | rsync+inotify+sersync |
backup | eth0:10.0.0.41 | eth1:172.16.1.41 | rsync-server |
1.实时同步哪台服务器的目录,那么就在哪台服务器上安装sersync
2.只要安装sersync
就必须安装rsync
和inotify
安装rsync的服务端(backup)
1)安装rsync服务
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)配置文件
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf uid = www gid = www port = 873 fake super = yes use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 600 ignore errors read only = false list = false auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ##################################### [zls] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /backup [nfs] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /data
3)创建用户
[root@backup ~]# groupadd www -g 666 [root@backup ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)创建目录并授权
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /data /backup [root@backup ~]# chown -R www.www /data/ /backup/
5)创建虚拟用户的密码文件并授权
[root@backup ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
6)启动rsync服务
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
NFS服务端部署sersync
1)安装sersync需要依赖rsync
和inotify
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools
2)下载sersync
[root@nfs ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
3)部署sersync
源码包:解压 生成 编译 安装
解压:
[root@nfs ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
4)移动并改名
[root@nfs ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
5)编辑配置文件
[root@nfs ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <sersync> #监控的目录,改成/data <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> #推送的IP(backup服务的IP)172.16.1.41 ,name是模块名 <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> #执行rsync的参数改成 -az <commonParams params="-artuz"/> #虚拟用户的用户名和密码文件,开启认证start=true rsync_backup /etc/rsync.pass <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> #设置超时时间 <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> #完整配置文件 [root@nfs ~]# cat /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <head version="2.5"> <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host> <debug start="false"/> <fileSystem xfs="false"/> <filter start="false"> <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude> <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude> <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude> <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude> </filter> <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> <sersync> <localpath watch="/data"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfs"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-az"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pass"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> <plugin name="command"> <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/> <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix--> <filter start="false"> <include expression="(.*)\.php"/> <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/> </filter> </plugin> <plugin name="socket"> <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/> </localpath> </plugin> <plugin name="refreshCDN"> <localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/"> <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/> <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/> <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/> </localpath> </plugin> </head>
6)创建虚拟用户的密码文件,并授权
[root@nfs sersync]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass [root@nfs sersync]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
7)查看帮助
[root@nfs sersync]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -h set the system param execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events parse the command param _______________________________________________________ 参数-d:启用守护进程模式 参数-r:在监控前,将监控目录与远程主机用rsync命令推送一遍 c参数-n: 指定开启守护线程的数量,默认为10个 参数-o:指定配置文件,默认使用confxml.xml文件 参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m refreshCDN 开启刷新CDN模块 参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m socket 开启socket模块 参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m http 开启http模块 不加-m参数,则默认执行同步程序 ________________________________________________________________
8)启动sersync
[root@nfs data]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
------------------------------------------------rsync服务端--------------------------------------------------
1)安装
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)改配置
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf uid = rsync gid = rsync port = 873 fake super = yes use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 600 ignore errors read only = false list = false auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ##################################### [zls] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /backup
3)创建系统用户
[root@backup ~]# useradd rsync -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)创建虚拟用户及密码文件并授权
[root@backup ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd [root@backup ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
5)创建目录并授权
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /backup [root@backup ~]# chown -R rsync.rsync /backup
6)启动服务并加入开机自启
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start rsyncd [root@backup ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
----------------------------------------------------------rsync的客户端(nfs)------------------------------------------------------------------
1)安装sersync(rsync+inotify)
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools
2)安装sersync
下载:
[root@nfs ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
解压:
[root@nfs ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
移动并改名:
[root@nfs ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
3)修改配置文件
[root@nfs ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> <sersync> <localpath watch="/zls"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="zls"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-az"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync>
4)创建目录
[root@nfs ~]# mkdir /zls
5)创建密码文件并授权
[root@nfs ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pas [root@nfs ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas
6)启动sersync
[root@nfs ~]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
sersync 就是rsync的客户端
底层调用:rsync和inotify