How to get list opened windows in PyGTK or GTK in Ubuntu?

问题

How to get list opened windows in PyGTK or GTK or other programming language? in Ubuntu?

edit:

i want get list paths opened directories on desktop!

回答1:

You probably want to use libwnck:

http://library.gnome.org/devel/libwnck/stable/

I believe there are python bindings in python-gnome or some similar package.

Once you have the GTK+ mainloop running, you can do the following:

import wnck
window_list = wnck.screen_get_default().get_windows()

Some interesting methods on a window from that list are get_name() and activate().

This will print the names of windows to the console when you click the button. But for some reason I had to click the button twice. This is my first time using libwnck so I'm probably missing something. :-)

import pygtk
pygtk.require('2.0')
import gtk, wnck

class WindowLister:
    def on_btn_click(self, widget, data=None):
        window_list = wnck.screen_get_default().get_windows()
        if len(window_list) == 0:
            print "No Windows Found"
        for win in window_list:
            print win.get_name()

    def __init__(self):
        self.window = gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)

        self.button = gtk.Button("List Windows")
        self.button.connect("clicked", self.on_btn_click, None)

        self.window.add(self.button)
        self.window.show_all()

    def main(self):
        gtk.main()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    lister = WindowLister()
    lister.main()

回答2:

Welcome to 2013! Here's the code using Wnck and its modern GObject Introspection libraries instead of the now deprecated PyGTK method. You may also check my other answer about wnck:

from gi.repository import Gtk, Wnck

Gtk.init([])  # necessary only if not using a Gtk.main() loop
screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
screen.force_update()  # recommended per Wnck documentation

# loop all windows
for window in screen.get_windows():
    print window.get_name()
    # ... do whatever you want with this window

# clean up Wnck (saves resources, check documentation)
window = None
screen = None
Wnck.shutdown()

As for documentation, check out the Libwnck Reference Manual. It is not specific for python, but the whole point of using GObject Introspection is to have the same API across all languages, thanks to the gir bindings.

Also, Ubuntu ships with both wnck and its corresponding gir binding out of the box, but if you need to install them:

sudo apt-get install libwnck-3-* gir1.2-wnck-3.0

This will also install libwnck-3-dev, which is not necessary but will install useful documentation you can read using DevHelp

回答3:

For whatever reason, I can't post a comment, but I'd like to add this as an addendum to Sandy's answer.

Here's a chunk of code that lists the current windows on the console:

import pygtk
pygtk.require('2.0')
import gtk, wnck

if __name__ == "__main__":
    default = wnck.screen_get_default()

    while gtk.events_pending():
        gtk.main_iteration(False)

    window_list = default.get_windows()
    if len(window_list) == 0:
        print "No Windows Found"
    for win in window_list:
        if win.is_active():
            print '***' + win.get_name()
        else:
            print win.get_name()

Thanks Sandy!

回答4:

Parsing command line output is usually not the best way, you are dependent on that programs output not changing, which could vary from version or platfrom. Here is how to do it using Xlib:

import Xlib.display

screen = Xlib.display.Display().screen()
root_win = screen.root

window_names = []
for window in root_win.query_tree()._data['children']:
    window_name = window.get_wm_name()
    window_names.append(window_name)

print window_names

Note that this list will contain windows that you wouldn't normally classify as 'windows', but that doesn't matter for what you are trying to do.

回答5:

I really don't know how to check if a window is a GTK one. But if you want to check how many windows are currently open try "wmctrl -l". Install it first of course.

回答6:

From the PyGTK reference:

gtk.gdk.window_get_toplevels()

The gtk.gdk.window_get_toplevels() function returns a list of all toplevel windows known to PyGTK on the default screen. A toplevel window is a child of the root window (see the gtk.gdk.get_default_root_window() function).

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1380784/how-to-get-list-opened-windows-in-pygtk-or-gtk-in-ubuntu

标签

python

Ubuntu

gtk

pygtk

window-management