问题
Is there any way to copy a really large file (from one server to another) in PowerShell AND display its progress?
There are solutions out there to use Write-Progress in conjunction with looping to copy many files and display progress. However I can\'t seem to find anything that would show progress of a single file.
Any thoughts?
回答1:
I haven't heard about progress with Copy-Item. If you don't want to use any external tool, you can experiment with streams. The size of buffer varies, you may try different values (from 2kb to 64kb).
function Copy-File {
param( [string]$from, [string]$to)
$ffile = [io.file]::OpenRead($from)
$tofile = [io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -status "$from -> $to" -PercentComplete 0
try {
[byte[]]$buff = new-object byte[] 4096
[int]$total = [int]$count = 0
do {
$count = $ffile.Read($buff, 0, $buff.Length)
$tofile.Write($buff, 0, $count)
$total += $count
if ($total % 1mb -eq 0) {
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -status "$from -> $to" `
-PercentComplete ([int]($total/$ffile.Length* 100))
}
} while ($count -gt 0)
}
finally {
$ffile.Dispose()
$tofile.Dispose()
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -Status "Ready" -Completed
}
}
回答2:
It seems like a much better solution to just use BitsTransfer, it seems to come OOTB on most Windows machines with PowerShell 2.0 or greater.
Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $Source -Destination $Destination -Description "Backup" -DisplayName "Backup"
回答3:
Alternativly this option uses the native windows progress bar...
$FOF_CREATEPROGRESSDLG = "&H0&"
$objShell = New-Object -ComObject "Shell.Application"
$objFolder = $objShell.NameSpace($DestLocation)
$objFolder.CopyHere($srcFile, $FOF_CREATEPROGRESSDLG)
回答4:
cmd /c copy /z src dest
not pure PowerShell, but executable in PowerShell and it displays progress in percents
回答5:
I amended the code from stej (which was great, just what i needed!) to use larger buffer, [long] for larger files and used System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch class to track elapsed time and estimate time remaining.
Also added reporting of transfer rate during transfer and outputting overall elapsed time and overall transfer rate.
Using 4MB (4096*1024 bytes) buffer to get better than Win7 native throughput copying from NAS to USB stick on laptop over wifi.
On To-Do list:
- add error handling (catch)
- handle get-childitem file list as input
- nested progress bars when copying multiple files (file x of y, % if total data copied etc)
- input parameter for buffer size
Feel free to use/improve :-)
function Copy-File {
param( [string]$from, [string]$to)
$ffile = [io.file]::OpenRead($from)
$tofile = [io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
Write-Progress `
-Activity "Copying file" `
-status ($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) `
-PercentComplete 0
try {
$sw = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew();
[byte[]]$buff = new-object byte[] (4096*1024)
[long]$total = [long]$count = 0
do {
$count = $ffile.Read($buff, 0, $buff.Length)
$tofile.Write($buff, 0, $count)
$total += $count
[int]$pctcomp = ([int]($total/$ffile.Length* 100));
[int]$secselapsed = [int]($sw.elapsedmilliseconds.ToString())/1000;
if ( $secselapsed -ne 0 ) {
[single]$xferrate = (($total/$secselapsed)/1mb);
} else {
[single]$xferrate = 0.0
}
if ($total % 1mb -eq 0) {
if($pctcomp -gt 0)`
{[int]$secsleft = ((($secselapsed/$pctcomp)* 100)-$secselapsed);
} else {
[int]$secsleft = 0};
Write-Progress `
-Activity ($pctcomp.ToString() + "% Copying file @ " + "{0:n2}" -f $xferrate + " MB/s")`
-status ($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) `
-PercentComplete $pctcomp `
-SecondsRemaining $secsleft;
}
} while ($count -gt 0)
$sw.Stop();
$sw.Reset();
}
finally {
write-host (($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) + `
" copied in " + $secselapsed + " seconds at " + `
"{0:n2}" -f [int](($ffile.length/$secselapsed)/1mb) + " MB/s.");
$ffile.Close();
$tofile.Close();
}
}
回答6:
Not that I'm aware of. I wouldn't recommend using copy-item for this anyway. I don't think it has been designed to be robust like robocopy.exe to support retry which you would want for extremely large file copies over the network.
回答7:
This recursive function copies files and directories recursively from source path to destination path
If file already exists on destination path, it copies them only with newer files.
Function Copy-FilesBitsTransfer(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][String]$sourcePath,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][String]$destinationPath,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][bool]$createRootDirectory = $true)
{
$item = Get-Item $sourcePath
$itemName = Split-Path $sourcePath -leaf
if (!$item.PSIsContainer){ #Item Is a file
$clientFileTime = Get-Item $sourcePath | select LastWriteTime -ExpandProperty LastWriteTime
if (!(Test-Path -Path $destinationPath\$itemName)){
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $sourcePath -Destination $destinationPath -Description "$sourcePath >> $destinationPath" -DisplayName "Copy Template file" -Confirm:$false
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
else{
$serverFileTime = Get-Item $destinationPath\$itemName | select LastWriteTime -ExpandProperty LastWriteTime
if ($serverFileTime -lt $clientFileTime)
{
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $sourcePath -Destination $destinationPath -Description "$sourcePath >> $destinationPath" -DisplayName "Copy Template file" -Confirm:$false
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
}
}
else{ #Item Is a directory
if ($createRootDirectory){
$destinationPath = "$destinationPath\$itemName"
if (!(Test-Path -Path $destinationPath -PathType Container)){
if (Test-Path -Path $destinationPath -PathType Leaf){ #In case item is a file, delete it.
Remove-Item -Path $destinationPath
}
New-Item -ItemType Directory $destinationPath | Out-Null
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
}
Foreach ($fileOrDirectory in (Get-Item -Path "$sourcePath\*"))
{
$status = Copy-FilesBitsTransfer $fileOrDirectory $destinationPath $true
if (!$status){
return $false
}
}
}
return $true
}
回答8:
Sean Kearney from the Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog has a solution I found works pretty nicely.
Function Copy-WithProgress
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
$Source,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
$Destination
)
$Source=$Source.tolower()
$Filelist=Get-Childitem "$Source" –Recurse
$Total=$Filelist.count
$Position=0
foreach ($File in $Filelist)
{
$Filename=$File.Fullname.tolower().replace($Source,'')
$DestinationFile=($Destination+$Filename)
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying data from '$source' to '$Destination'" -Status "Copying File $Filename" -PercentComplete (($Position/$total)*100)
Copy-Item $File.FullName -Destination $DestinationFile
$Position++
}
}
Then to use it:
Copy-WithProgress -Source $src -Destination $dest
回答9:
Trevor Sullivan has a write-up on how to add a command called Copy-ItemWithProgress to PowerShell on Robocopy.
回答10:
Hate to be the one to bump an old subject, but I found this post extremely useful. After running performance tests on the snippets by stej and it's refinement by Graham Gold, plus the BITS suggestion by Nacht, I have decuded that:
- I really liked Graham's command with time estimations and speed readings.
- I also really liked the significant speed increase of using BITS as my transfer method.
Faced with the decision between the two... I found that Start-BitsTransfer supported Asynchronous mode. So here is the result of my merging the two.
function Copy-File {
param([string]$from, [string]$to)
try {
$job = Start-BitsTransfer -Source $from -Destination $to `
-Description "Moving: $from => $to" `
-DisplayName "Backup" -Asynchronous
# Start stopwatch
$sw = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
Write-Progress -Activity "Connecting..."
while ($job.JobState.ToString() -ne "Transferred") {
switch ($job.JobState.ToString()) {
"Connecting" {
break
}
"Transferring" {
$pctcomp = ($job.BytesTransferred / $job.BytesTotal) * 100
$elapsed = ($sw.elapsedmilliseconds.ToString()) / 1000
if ($elapsed -eq 0) {
$xferrate = 0.0
} else {
$xferrate = (($job.BytesTransferred / $elapsed) / 1mb);
}
if ($job.BytesTransferred % 1mb -eq 0) {
if ($pctcomp -gt 0) {
$secsleft = ((($elapsed / $pctcomp) * 100) - $elapsed)
} else {
$secsleft = 0
}
Write-Progress -Activity ("Copying file '" + ($PathName.Split("\") | Select -last 1) + "' @ " + "{0:n2}" -f $xferrate + "MB/s") `
-PercentComplete $pctcomp `
-SecondsRemaining $secsleft
}
break
}
"Transferred" {
break
}
Default {
throw $job.JobState.ToString() + " unexpected BITS state."
}
}
}
$sw.Stop()
$sw.Reset()
} finally {
Complete-BitsTransfer -BitsJob $job
Write-Progress -Activity "Completed" -Completed
}
}
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2434133/progress-during-large-file-copy-copy-item-write-progress