Walking a process tree | 易学教程

问题

I have the following scenario.

The user would type the PID of a process, and the script should show the process and it's subprocesses, sub-subprocesses (and so on) of PID, and it should list it in a tree format.

I tried using pstree PID and ps faux PID, but it doesn't work. It seems like it doesn't take PID of processes as arguments.

Any ideas please?

回答1:

Just wanted to document my steps related to this problem.

Say I execute this in a terminal:

~$ echo "read -p 'Press Enter'" > mytest.sh
~$ chmod +x mytest.sh
~$ bash -c bash
~$ bash -c ./mytest.sh

... and leave it waiting at the read input prompt. Then, I can always find the pid of mytest.sh like:

$ ps axf | grep mytest
20473 pts/2    S+     0:00              |   |   \_ grep --color=tty mytest
20308 pts/5    S+     0:00              |   |       \_ bash -c ./mytest.sh

... however, I'd like to output a ps axf tree limited to some parent of mytest.sh; looking at a full ps axf, we can see a hierarchy:

$ ps axf

 1489 ?        Sl     1:39              \_ gnome-terminal --sm-client-id 106ab86
 1511 ?        S      0:00              |   \_ gnome-pty-helper
...
20238 pts/5    Ss     0:00              |   \_ bash
20274 pts/5    S      0:00              |   |   \_ bash
20308 pts/5    S+     0:00              |   |       \_ bash -c ./mytest.sh
...

Then, say I don't want to 'scan' the gnome-terminal (1489) as parent, but instead I want to start at bash (20238).. So, I'd like to obtain this output:

$ ps f -p 20238 20274 20308
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
20238 pts/5    Ss     0:00 bash
20274 pts/5    S      0:00  \_ bash
20308 pts/5    S+     0:00      \_ bash -c ./mytest.sh

... except, I don't want to copy/paste the child PIDs manually :)

I could use pstree:

$ pstree -a -p 20238
bash,20238
  └─bash,20274
      └─bash,20308 -c ./mytest.sh

$ pstree -p 20238
bash(20238)───bash(20274)───bash(20308)

... unfortunately, the output is not exactly the same as in ps axf, which I prefer.

So, I can use pstree simply to obtain child PIDs:

$ pstree -p 20238 | sed 's/(/\n(/g' | grep '(' | sed 's/(\(.*\)).*/\1/'
20238
20274
20308

$ pstree -p 20238 | sed 's/(/\n(/g' | grep '(' | sed 's/(\(.*\)).*/\1/' | tr "\n" ,
20238,20274,20308,

and then use those to obtain a ps axf tree, based only on the PID of the parent:

$ ps f -p $(pstree -p 20238 | sed 's/(/\n(/g' | grep '(' | sed 's/(\(.*\)).*/\1/' | tr "\n" " ")
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
20238 pts/5    Ss     0:00 bash
20274 pts/5    S      0:00  \_ bash
20308 pts/5    S+     0:00      \_ bash -c ./mytest.sh

Well, hope this helps someone,
Cheers!

回答2:

This is the bash script using only ps and awk. You can use at as a base for generating process tree.

ppid=$1
while true
do 
    forloop=FALSE
    # get all children by pid 
    for i in `ps -ef | awk '$3 == '$ppid' {print $2}'`
    do 
       # Here you have one of of the elements of tree 
       #   parent -> child
       echo $ppid - $i 
       forloop=TRUE
    done
    ppid=$i

    if [ "$forloop" = "FALSE" ]; then
       exit
    fi
 done

回答3:

Your first step is to pipe ps through awk and grep. By using awk, you can isolate either the 'this process PID' field or the 'parent process PID' field.

Or, have a stroll through the /proc file system.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5213973/walking-a-process-tree

标签

Linux

shell

unix

pstree