Dynamically update prometheus scrape config based on pod labels

问题

I'm trying to enhance my monitoring and want to expand the amount of metrics pulled into Prometheus from our Kube estate. We already have a stand alone Prom implementation which has a hard coded config file monitoring some bare metal servers, and hooks into cadvisor for generic Pod metrics.

What i would like to do is configure Kube to monitor the apache_exporter metrics from a webserver deployed in the cluster, but also dynamically add a 2nd, 3rd etc webserver as the instances are scaled up.

I've looked at the kube-prometheus project, but this seems to be more geared to instances where there is no established Prometheus deployed. Is there a simple way to get prometheus to scrape the Kube API or etcd to pull in the current list of pods which match a certain criteria (ie, a tag like deploymentType=webserver) and scrape the apache_exporter metrics for these pods, and scrape the mysqld_exporter metrics where deploymentType=mysql

回答1:

There's a project called kube-prometheus-stack (formerly prometheus-operator): https://github.com/prometheus-community/helm-charts/tree/main/charts/kube-prometheus-stack

It has concepts called ServiceMonitor and PodMonitor:

• https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/master/Documentation/design.md#servicemonitor
• https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/master/Documentation/design.md#podmonitor

Basically, this is a selector that points your Prometheus instance to scrape targets. In the case of service selector, it discovers all the pods behind the service. In the case of a pod selector, it discovers pods directly. Prometheus scrape config is updated and reloaded automatically in both cases.

Example PodMonitor:

apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: PodMonitor
metadata:
  name: example
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  podMetricsEndpoints:
  - interval: 30s
    path: /metrics
    port: http
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - app
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: my-app

Note that this PodMonitor object itself must be discovered by the controller. To achieve this you write a PodMonitorSelector(link). This additional explicit linkage is done intentionally - in this way, if you have 2 Prometheus instances on your cluster (say Infra and Product) you can separate which Prometheus will get which Pods to its scraping config.

The same applies to a ServiceMonitor.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63991541/dynamically-update-prometheus-scrape-config-based-on-pod-labels