前提条件:
===========================================
1.Xcode版本为Xcode10及以上
2.Appium版本必须为1.9及以上,因为Xcode为10.0
3.appium-desktop
4.安装所需依赖库,包括:
a.Homebrew
b.Git
c.node (brew install node
)
d.npm (brew install npm
)
e.carthage (brew install carthage
)
f.libimobiledevice(真机测试需要)(brew install libimobiledevice
)
g.ios-deploy(真机测试需要)(brew install ios-deploy
)
5、WDA配置
===========================================
上面的环境配置具体参考:
《【Mac + Appium学习(一)】之安装Appium环境前提准备》
《【Mac + Appium + Python3.6学习(三)】之IOS自动化测试环境配置》
环境:
- MacOS:10.13.6
- Appium:1.9.1
- Appium-desktop:1.7.1
- Java:1.8
- XCode:10.0
一、安装测试环境
1、配置上面都有就不一一描述了,下面来看一下IOS模拟器:
1)打开Xcode,选择如下图所示,打开模拟器:
会启动一个模拟器:
模拟器的版本可以自行选择,这里我选择iPhone7:
如果想关闭某个模拟器,则点击要关闭的窗口再关闭,如下图:
下面去appium官网下载IOS演示程序:
地址:https://github.com/appium/ios-uicatalog
项目clone到本地环境:
$ git clone https://github.com/appium/ios-uicatalog.git
Cloning into 'ios-uicatalog'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 294, done.
remote: Total 294 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 294
Receiving objects: 100% (294/294), 6.63 MiB | 1.35 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (159/159), done.
命令打开项目:
$ open UICatalog.xcodeproj/
2、模拟器上跑自动化
1)刚刚的项目在模拟器中进行编译:
点击红框
会自动启动模拟器:
2)然后拷贝项目app的xpath,来配置在参数中:
①拷贝到参数中
会报错:
Original error: '10.3.1' does not exist in the list of simctl SDKs. Only the following Simulator SDK versions are available on your system: 10.3, 12.0
意思是没有'10.3.1',只有'10.3、12.0'版本的SDK,所以手动修改:
又报错:
Original error: Could not create simulator with name 'appiumTest-iPhone7', device type id 'iPhone7' and runtime id '10.3.1'. Reason: 'simctl error running 'create': Invalid device type: iPhone7'
经过查询得知:
感谢:每天1990:《Appium1.6启动iOS真机》*很重要
②udid通过命令获取:
instruments -s devices
获取你打开的模拟器的id。
再运行session:
完整参数如下:
{
"platformName": "iOS",
"platformVersion": "10.3",
"deviceName": "iPhone7",
"automationName": "XCUITest",
"app": "/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-hiixtcsjcynttngjfqlnzjjtpxkv/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/UICatalog.app",
"udid": "D3062BB8-5627-4867-8E97-AEDF6D953353"
}
3)并且输入地址:http://localhost:8100/inspector,也会有检查器显示。
4)设置log路径,如图:
①第一种在appium桌面程序设置log路径:
②第二种用命令行重新启动一个自己的appium(相当于新建一个appium服务5723)
输入命令:
$ appium -g /Users/xxx/Desktop/mine/Stu资料/Git/git—download/project/appium2.log -p 5723
[Appium] Welcome to Appium v1.9.1
[Appium] Non-default server args:
[Appium] port: 5723
[Appium] log: /Users/xxx/Desktop/mine/Stu资料/Git/git—download/project/appium2.log
[Appium] Appium REST http interface listener started on 0.0.0.0:5723
再设置参数启动:
同样可以启动app,并且生成appium2.log文件。
5)扩展:对Simulator控制
https://github.com/facebook/FBSimulatorControl/blob/master/fbsimctl/README.md
6)编写用例
利用IDEA编辑器,在之前《【Mac + Appium + Java1.8学习(一)】之Android自动化环境安装配置以及IDEA配置(附录扩展Selenium+Java自动化)》已经介绍如何使用配置IDEA。
之前在appium-desktop中可以自动生成代码,把它复制到IDEA中,如图:
但是,从现在开始先暂时不用appium-desktop,用XCode自带的查看元素工具。
如图步骤:
上代码:
解释=>findElementByAccessibilityId,如果包含name属性则可以使用。
参考官网:http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/finding-elements/
package IOS_Simulator;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class DemoTest {
private IOSDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "iOS");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "10.3");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone7");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "XCUITest");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("app", "/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-hiixtcsjcynttngjfqlnzjjtpxkv/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/UICatalog.app");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("udid", "D3062BB8-5627-4867-8E97-AEDF6D953353");
URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
}
@Test
public void sampleTest() {
// MobileElement el1 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByXPath("//XCUIElementTypeApplication[@name=\"UICatalog\"]/XCUIElementTypeWindow[1]/XCUIElementTypeOther/XCUIElementTypeOther/XCUIElementTypeOther/XCUIElementTypeTable/XCUIElementTypeCell[4]");
// el1.click();
// MobileElement el2 = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByXPath("(//XCUIElementTypeButton[@name=\"Button\"])[2]");
// el2.click();
driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Buttons").click();
// driver.getPageSource().sout ===> System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
driver.findElementByXPath("//*[@label='Button']").click();
driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("UICatalog").click();
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
// driver.quit();
}
}
运行结果:
3、真机上跑自动化
真机官网地址说明:http://appium.io/docs/en/drivers/ios-xcuitest-real-devices/
1)配置参数
为了入门学习,还是要启动appium-desktop,完整参数:app参数有坑
{
"platformName": "iOS",
"platformVersion": "10.3",
"deviceName": "iPhone5s",
"automationName": "XCUITest",
"app": "/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-hiixtcsjcynttngjfqlnzjjtpxkv/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/UICatalog.app",
"udid": "42ebab931b6b2d6a140b1a4f5bd55305dbfe2ff0"
}
启动session,报错:
Original error: Could not install app: 'Command 'ios-deploy --id 42ebab931b6b2d6a140b1a4f5bd55305dbfe2ff0 --bundle /Users/zhangc/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-hiixtcsjcynttngjfqlnzjjtpxkv/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/UICatalog.app' exited with code 253'
因为这个app当时是在模拟器进行的配置,所以我们还要配置真机,如下:
但是报错:
Signing for "UICatalog" requires a development team. Select a development team in the project editor. (in target 'UICatalog')
如图修改就不报错了:
再一次运行,真机配置安装app成功:
复制app的Path到appium-desktop的参数中:
启动session后,可以加载app,如图:
2)编写自动化脚本
(1)WebView自动化
需要安装以下几个命令:
①安装依赖库:libimobiledevice
brew install libimobiledevice --HEAD
②安装ios-webkit-debug-proxy:
官网为:
https://github.com/google/ios-webkit-debug-proxy
http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/web/ios-webkit-debug-proxy/
# 调试转换
brew install ios-webkit-debug-proxy
并且IOS手机设置一下Web检查器:设置->safari浏览器->高级->Web检查器->打开
# 扩展:手机截图
idevicescreenshot
安装完成后,进行appium-desktop参数配置:
{
"platformName": "iOS",
"platformVersion": "10.3",
"deviceName": "iPhone5s",
"automationName": "XCUITest",
"udid": "auto", # 默认第一台连接设备
"startIWDP": true,
"browserName": "Safari"
}
启动session后,成功:
③编写脚本
package IOS.Real;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class DemoTest_WebView {
private IOSDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "iOS");
// desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "10.3");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "auto");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "XCUITest");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("udid", "auto");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("startIWDP", true);
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("browserName", "Safari");
// 42ebab931b6b2d6a140b1a4f5bd55305dbfe2ff0
URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub");
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
}
@Test
public void web(){
driver.get("https://testerhome.com");
driver.findElementByXPath("//*[contains(@title,'北京管理沙龙')]").click();
// driver.get("https://appium.io/");
// driver.findElementByXPath("(//XCUIElementTypeOther[@name=\"导航\"])[1]").click();
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
// driver.quit();
}
}
运行代码后一直报错,后来经过痛苦的查询得知:
参考解决地址:《AppiumDriver driver = new AppiumDriver 的AppiumDriver报错问题解决》
WebDriverException: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Unhandled endpoint
错误日志:org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Unhandled endpoint: /session/763C2E9E-9078-4931-BDF3-A05C2E3AF2E5/wda/screen -- http://localhost:8100/ with parameters {
wildcards = (
"session/763C2E9E-9078-4931-BDF3-A05C2E3AF2E5/wda/screen"
);
}
代码执行到这里就报错:
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
因为使用的appium-client版本太高导致的,后来在Maven中由6.1.0版本降到5.0.4版本再运行就好了
来源:oschina
链接:https://my.oschina.net/u/4354006/blog/3322821