Can Python encode a string to match ASP.NET membership provider's EncodePassword

问题

I'm working on a Python script to create hashed strings from an existing system similar to that of ASP.NET's MembershipProvider. Using Python, is there a way to take a hexadecimal string and convert it back to a binary and then do a base64 encoding, somehow treating the original string as Unicode. Let's try some code. I'm looking to re-encode a hashed password so that the hashes would be equal in Python and ASP.NET/C#:

import base64
import sha
import binascii

def EncodePassword(password):
    # strings are currently stored as hex
    hex_hashed_password = sha.sha(password).hexdigest()

    # attempt to convert hex to base64
    bin_hashed_password = binascii.unhexlify(hex_hashed_password)
    return base64.standard_b64encode(bin_hashed_password)

print EncodePassword("password")
# W6ph5Mm5Pz8GgiULbPgzG37mj9g=

The ASP.NET MembershipProvider users this method to encode:

static string EncodePassword(string pass)
{
    byte[] bytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(pass);
    //bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(pass);

    byte[] inArray = null;
    HashAlgorithm algorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1");
    inArray = algorithm.ComputeHash(bytes);
    return Convert.ToBase64String(inArray);
}

string s = EncodePassword("password");
// 6Pl/upEE0epQR5SObftn+s2fW3M=

That doesn't match. But, when I run it with the password encoded with ASCII encoding, it matches, so the Unicode part of the .NET method is what's the difference.

W6ph5Mm5Pz8GgiULbPgzG37mj9g=

Is there a way in the python script to get an output to match the default .NET version?

回答1:

This is the trick:

Encoding.Unicode

“Unicode” encoding is confusing Microsoft-speak for UTF-16LE (specifically, without any BOM). Encode the string to that before hashing and you get the right answer:

>>> import hashlib
>>> p= u'password'
>>> hashlib.sha1(p.encode('utf-16le')).digest().encode('base64')
'6Pl/upEE0epQR5SObftn+s2fW3M=\n'

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1456770/can-python-encode-a-string-to-match-asp-net-membership-providers-encodepassword

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