问题
I am trying to figure out how to reshape a dataset of the names of political parties from wide to long using dplyr and pivot_longer.
For each Party_ID, there is a number of constant columns attached (Party_Name_Short, Party_Name, Country, Party_in_orig_title) and a number of time changing factors as well: election, Date, Rename, Reason, Party_Title, alliance, member_parties, split, parent_party, merger, child_party, successor, predecessor. The time changing factors were recorded up to 11 times for each party, as reflected by the index in the colname.
In order to provide a sample I selected the first three time changing columns for each party and a sample of 5 random rows:
structure(list(Party_Name_Short = c("LZJ-PS", "ZiZi", "MNR",
"MDP", "E200"), Party_Name = c("Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
"Živi zid", "Mouvement national républicain", "Movimento Democrático Português",
"Erakond Eesti 200"), Country = c("SVN", "HRV", "FRA", "PRT",
"EST"), Party_ID = c(1987, 2612, 1263, 1281, 2720), Party_in_orig_title = c(0,
0, 0, 0, 0), Date1 = c(2011, NA, 1999, 1987, NA), Rename1 = c("Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
NA, "Mouvement national républicain", "ID", NA), Reason1 = c("foundation",
NA, "split from FN", "split", NA), Party_Title1 = c(0, NA, 0,
0, NA), alliance1 = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA), member_parties1 = c(NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_),
split1 = c(0, NA, 1, 1, NA), parent_party1 = c(NA, NA, "FN",
"MDP", NA), merger1 = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA), child_party1 = c(NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_
), successor1 = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA), predecessor1 = c(NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_
), Date2 = c(2012, NA, NA, NA, NA), Rename2 = c("Pozitivna Slovenija",
NA, NA, NA, NA), Reason2 = c("renamed", NA, NA, NA, NA),
Party_Title2 = c(0, NA, NA, NA, NA), alliance2 = c(0, NA,
NA, NA, NA), member_parties2 = c(NA_character_, NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_), split2 = c(0,
NA, NA, NA, NA), parent_party2 = c(NA_character_, NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_), merger2 = c(0,
NA, NA, NA, NA), child_party2 = c(NA_character_, NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_), successor2 = c(0,
NA, NA, NA, NA), predecessor2 = c(NA_character_, NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_), Date3 = c(2014,
NA, NA, NA, NA), Rename3 = c("ZaAB", NA, NA, NA, NA), Reason3 = c("split",
NA, NA, NA, NA), Party_Title3 = c(0, NA, NA, NA, NA), alliance3 = c(0,
NA, NA, NA, NA), member_parties3 = c(NA_character_, NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_), split3 = c(1,
NA, NA, NA, NA), parent_party3 = c("LZJ-PS", NA, NA, NA,
NA), merger3 = c(0, NA, NA, NA, NA), child_party3 = c(NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_
), successor3 = c(0, NA, NA, NA, NA), predecessor3 = c(NA_character_,
NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_, NA_character_
), election1 = structure(c(15309, 16740, 11839, 6390, 17956
), class = "Date"), election2 = structure(c(16252, NA, NA,
NA, NA), class = "Date"), election3 = structure(c(16344,
NA, NA, NA, NA), class = "Date")), row.names = c(NA, -5L), class = c("tbl_df",
"tbl", "data.frame"))
I would like the data to follow a "long" structure where each party_id and the constant factors are repeated 11 times and there are single columns for the time changing factors. Following the top-rated answer formulated here I tried different variations of the following command:
pivot_longer(cols = starts_with(c("election", "Date", "Rename", "Reason", "Party_Title",
"alliance", "member_parties", "split", "parent_party",
"merger", "child_party", "successor", "predecessor")),
names_to = c(".value", "election", "Date", "Rename", "Reason", "Party_Title",
"alliance", "member_parties", "split", "parent_party",
"merger", "child_party", "successor", "predecessor"), names_sep = "_") %>%
select(-matches("election[1-9]"), -matches("Date[1-9]"), -matches("Rename[1-9]"),
-matches("Reason[1-9]"), -matches("alliance[1-9]"), -matches("member_parties[1-9]"),
-matches("split[1-9]"), -matches("parent_party[1-9]"), -matches("merger[1-9]"),
-matches("child_party[1-9]"), -matches("successor[1-9]"), -matches("predecessor[1-9]"),
-matches("Party_Title[1-9]"), -matches("election1[0-2]"), -matches("Date1[0-2]"), -matches("Rename1[0-2]"),
-matches("Reason1[0-2]"), -matches("alliance1[0-2]"), -matches("member_parties1[0-2]"),
-matches("split1[0-2]"), -matches("parent_party1[0-2]"), -matches("merger1[0-2]"),
-matches("child_party1[0-2]"), -matches("successor1[0-2]"), -matches("predecessor1[0-2]"),
-matches("Party_Title1[0-2]"))
However, for some reason, I get a lot of missing values and do not achieve the shape of the data I would like to have. I'd appreciate any hint if you have an idea of how to do this. Thanks!
Update:
I would like the final output to look something like:
structure(list(Party_Name_Short = c("LZJ-PS", "ZiZi", "MNR",
"MDP", "E200", "LZJ-PS", "ZiZi", "MNR", "MDP", "E200", "LZJ-PS",
"ZiZi", "MNR", "MDP", "E200"), Party_Name = c("Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
"Živi zid", "Mouvement national républicain", "Movimento Democrático Português",
"Erakond Eesti 200", "Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
"Živi zid", "Mouvement national républicain", "Movimento Democrático Português",
"Erakond Eesti 200", "Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
"Živi zid", "Mouvement national républicain", "Movimento Democrático Português",
"Erakond Eesti 200"), Country = c("SVN", "HRV", "FRA", "PRT",
"EST", "SVN", "HRV", "FRA", "PRT", "EST", "SVN", "HRV", "FRA",
"PRT", "EST"), Party_ID = c(1987, 2612, 1263, 1281, 2720, 1987,
2612, 1263, 1281, 2720, 1987, 2612, 1263, 1281, 2720), Party_in_orig_title = c(0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), time = c(1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3), Date = c(2011, NA, 1999,
1987, NA, 2012, NA, NA, NA, NA, 2014, NA, NA, NA, NA), Rename = c("Lista Zorana Jankovica – Pozitivna Slovenija",
NA, "Mouvement national républicain", "ID", NA, "Pozitivna Slovenija",
NA, NA, NA, NA, "ZaAB", NA, NA, NA, NA), Reason = c("foundation",
NA, "split from FN", "split", NA, "renamed", NA, NA, NA, NA,
"split", NA, NA, NA, NA), Party_Title = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA, 0,
NA, NA, NA, NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA), alliance = c(0, NA, 0, 0,
NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA), member_parties = c(NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), split = c(0,
NA, 1, 1, NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA, 1, NA, NA, NA, NA), parent_party = c(NA,
NA, "FN", "MDP", NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, "LZJ-PS", NA, NA, NA,
NA), merger = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0, NA, NA,
NA, NA), child_party = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), successor = c(0, NA, 0, 0, NA, 0, NA,
NA, NA, NA, 0, NA, NA, NA, NA), predecessor = c(NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), election = structure(c(1322697600,
1446336000, 1022889600, 552096000, 1551398400, 1404172800, NA,
NA, NA, NA, 1412121600, NA, NA, NA, NA), class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = "UTC")), row.names = c(NA, -15L), class = c("tbl_df",
"tbl", "data.frame"))
Notice: the newly added time column and notice that this is only for example purposes, with three time changing factors, whereas in fact there are 11 in the data.
回答1:
Using pivot_longer with names_sep to split between a non-digit and a digit at the end of the string
library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)
df1 %>%
pivot_longer(cols = matches('\\d+$'), names_to = c(".value", 'time'),
names_sep="(?<=\\D)(?=\\d+$)") %>%
arrange(time)
# A tibble: 15 x 19
# Party_Name_Short Party_Name Country Party_ID Party_in_orig_t… time Date Rename Reason Party_Title alliance member_parties split
# <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <dbl>
# 1 LZJ-PS Lista Zor… SVN 1987 0 1 2011 Lista… found… 0 0 <NA> 0
# 2 ZiZi Živi zid HRV 2612 0 1 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
# 3 MNR Mouvement… FRA 1263 0 1 1999 Mouve… split… 0 0 <NA> 1
# 4 MDP Movimento… PRT 1281 0 1 1987 ID split 0 0 <NA> 1
# 5 E200 Erakond E… EST 2720 0 1 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
# 6 LZJ-PS Lista Zor… SVN 1987 0 2 2012 Pozit… renam… 0 0 <NA> 0
# 7 ZiZi Živi zid HRV 2612 0 2 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
# 8 MNR Mouvement… FRA 1263 0 2 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
# 9 MDP Movimento… PRT 1281 0 2 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
#10 E200 Erakond E… EST 2720 0 2 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
#11 LZJ-PS Lista Zor… SVN 1987 0 3 2014 ZaAB split 0 0 <NA> 1
#12 ZiZi Živi zid HRV 2612 0 3 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
#13 MNR Mouvement… FRA 1263 0 3 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
#14 MDP Movimento… PRT 1281 0 3 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
#15 E200 Erakond E… EST 2720 0 3 NA <NA> <NA> NA NA <NA> NA
# … with 6 more variables: parent_party <chr>, merger <dbl>, child_party <chr>, successor <dbl>, predecessor <chr>, election <date>
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61194312/r-reshape-name-value-pairs-from-wide-to-long-using-pivot-longer