Spring Boot - Test for controller fails with 404 code

问题

I want to write a test for controller. Here is test snippet:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(WeatherStationController.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = MockConfig.class)
public class WeatherStationControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    private IStationRepository stationRepository;

    @Test
    public void shouldReturnCorrectStation() throws Exception {

        mockMvc.perform(get("/stations")
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk());
    }
}

controller code snippet:

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "stations")
public class WeatherStationController {

    @Autowired
    private WeatherStationService weatherService;

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<WeatherStation> getAllWeatherStations() {
        return weatherService.getAllStations();
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public WeatherStation getWeatherStation(@PathVariable String id) {
        return weatherService.getStation(id);
    }

MockConfig class:

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "edu.lelyak.repository")
public class MockConfig {

    //**************************** MOCK BEANS ******************************

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public WeatherStationService weatherServiceMock() {
        WeatherStationService mock = Mockito.mock(WeatherStationService.class);
        return mock;
    }

Here is error stack trace:

java.lang.AssertionError: Status 
Expected :200
Actual   :404

I can get what is wrong here.
How to fix test for controller?

回答1:

HTTP code 404, means no resource found (on the server) for your request, which I think that your controller is not visible(let me say is not scanned) by spring boot.

A simple solution is scanning a parent package in MockConfig class, so spring can pick up all beans,

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "edu.lelyak") // assuming that's the parent package in your project

if you don't like this approach, you can add the controller's package name in basePackages

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"edu.lelyak.controller","edu.lelyak.repository")

BTW, you don't have to manually set up WeatherStationService in MockConfig class, Spring boot can inject a mock for you and automatically reset it after each test method, you should just declare it in your test class:

@MockBean
private IStationRepository stationRepository;

On the other hand, you should mock weatherService.getAllStations() before calling get("/stations") in your test method (as you're not running integration test), so you can do:

List<WeatherStation> myList = ...;
//Add element(s) to your list
 Mockito.when(stationService.getAllStations()).thenReturn(myList);

You can find more in :

Testing improvements in Spring Boot 1.4
Spring Boot features: Testing

回答2:

I am not sure why your test is not working. But I got another solution which works for me.

@SpringBootTest
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new TestController()).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldReturnCorrectStation() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/stations")
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk());
    }
}

回答3:

I had the same issue. The controller was not getting picked up despite specifying it with @WebMvcTest(MyController.class). This meant all of its mappings were ignored, causing the 404. Adding @Import(MyController.class) resolved the issue, but I didn't expect the import to be necessary when I'm already specifying which controller to test.

回答4:

I couldn't find a good answer but I could find one of the causes.

I was using in my tests the @PreAuthorize on the RestController.
You can mock the Oauth with this tip on the integration tests that use SpringBootTest. For SpringBootTest, this works very well too, but using SpringBootTest you load a lot of other resources (like JPA) that is not necessary to do a simple Controller test.

But with @WebMvcTest this not works as expected. The use of the WithMockOAuth2Scope annotation can be enough to stop the 401 error from authentication problem, but after that the WebMvcTest can't find the rest endpoint, returning the 404 error code.

After removing the @PreAuthorize on Controller, the test with WebMvcTest pass.

回答5:

After some debugging, it appears that the target controller is simply not registered as a method handler. Spring scans the beans for the presence of RestController annotation.

But the problem is that the annotation could be found only if the bean is proxied via CGLIB, but for the case when we use WebMvcTest it's proxied by JDK.

As a result, I searched for the configuration which is responsible for making the choice, and the one was finally found AopAutoConfiguration. So when SpringBootTest is used this one is autoloaded when you need WebMvcTest+PreAuthorize in your controllers, then simply use:

@Import(AopAutoConfiguration.class)

回答6:

I import external configuration class by @ContextConfiguration(classes = MyConfig.class)

When I changed in MyConfig annotation @Configuration into @TestConfiguration it started to work properly.

回答7:

Here is a different approach to the controller test that worked for me.

Assumption: The class WeatherStationService is a @SpringBootApplication

Then, the test class below should work for you:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(WeatherStationService.class)
@WebIntegrationTest
public class WeatherStationControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;

    MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        mockMvc =  MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.context).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldReturnCorrectStation() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/stations")
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
        .andExpect(status().isOk();
    }
}

With this test setup, you should no longer need the MockConfig class.

回答8:

In my case it was about a missing starting slash /

I've appended / to both RequestMapping value and MockHttpServletRequestBuilder post urlTemplate parameters as first character.

回答9:

Based on the accepted answer, in my case I had copied and modified the file based on another test but forgot to change the name for the controller on the top of the class, that being the reason why it was not finding the resource as the error says.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(AnswerCommandController.class)
public class AnswerCommandControllerTest {

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41548771/spring-boot-test-for-controller-fails-with-404-code

标签

Spring

unit-testing

spring-boot

controller