Multiple definition of first defined here gcc

寵の児 提交于 2021-02-04 14:29:50

问题


I have these files

consumer.cpp
consumer.hpp
defines.hpp
main.cpp
makefile
producer.cpp
producer.hpp

here's the file defines.hpp

#ifndef DEFINES_HPP
#define DEFINES_HPP

#include <cassert>
#include <pthread.h> 
#include <queue>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
#include <unistd.h>

pthread_mutex_t set_queue_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t  condition_var = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

std::queue<int> q;

#endif // DEFINES_HPP

This defines.hpp file is included in the producer.hpp and consumer.hpp. producer.hpp and consumer.hpp files respectively included to producer.cpp and consumer.cpp and yet to main.cpp. When compiling I get an error.

g++ -o main producer.cpp consumer.cpp main.cpp producer.hpp consumer.hpp defines.hpp -lpthread -ggdb
/tmp/ccctuRp7.o: In function `__gnu_cxx::new_allocator<int>::destroy(int*)':
/home/vardan/test/consumer.cpp:8: multiple definition of `set_queue_mutex'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:8: first defined here
/tmp/ccctuRp7.o: In function `std::deque<int, std::allocator<int> >::front()':
/home/vardan/test/consumer.cpp:12: multiple definition of `condition_var'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:11: first defined here
/tmp/ccctuRp7.o: In function `global::consumer::entry_point(void*)':
/home/vardan/test/consumer.cpp:17: multiple definition of `q'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:17: first defined here
/tmp/ccKCxptM.o: In function `main':
/home/vardan/test/main.cpp:8: multiple definition of `set_queue_mutex'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:8: first defined here
/tmp/ccKCxptM.o: In function `main':
/home/vardan/test/main.cpp:13: multiple definition of `condition_var'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:11: first defined here
/tmp/ccKCxptM.o: In function `main':
/home/vardan/test/main.cpp:25: multiple definition of `q'
/tmp/cciGccft.o:/home/vardan/test/producer.cpp:17: first defined here
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [main] Error 1

Here is my makefile

main : producer.cpp consumer.cpp main.cpp producer.hpp consumer.hpp defines.hpp
    g++ -o $@ $^ -lpthread -ggdb
.PHONY : clean
clean:
    rm -rf main *.swf *.o

How to solve this problem ?


回答1:


In C++ (as well as in C) there is a difference between declaring and defining things like variables. What you are doing in the header file is defining the variables, which means that every source file that includes the header file will have the definitions.

In the header file you should only declare the variables, and then in a single source file define them.

So in the header file do e.g.

extern pthread_mutex_t set_queue_mutex;
extern pthread_cond_t  condition_var;

extern std::queue<int> q;

And then in a single source file put the definitions (what you have now).



来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19675685/multiple-definition-of-first-defined-here-gcc

易学教程内所有资源均来自网络或用户发布的内容,如有违反法律规定的内容欢迎反馈
该文章没有解决你所遇到的问题?点击提问,说说你的问题,让更多的人一起探讨吧!