问题
My goal is to display a real time feed from a USB camera in a Tkinter Window. My problem is that I can't seem to update the GUI fast enough to keep up with the frame rate of the camera. I'm interfacing with the camera using the uvclite python wrapper around the libuvc C library. uvclite is a lightweight ctypes wrapper around the underlying C library, so I don't think that piece is my bottleneck. Here is my code:
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
import uvclite
import io
import queue
frame_queue = queue.Queue(maxsize=5)
# frame_queue = queue.LifoQueue(maxsize=5)
user_check = True
def frame_callback(in_frame, user):
global user_check
if user_check:
print("User id: %d" % user)
user_check = False
try:
# Dont block in the callback!
frame_queue.put(in_frame, block=False)
except queue.Full:
print("Dropped frame!")
pass
def update_img():
print('getting frame')
frame = frame_queue.get(block=True, timeout=None)
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(io.BytesIO(frame.data)))
panel.configure(image=img)
panel.image = img
print("image updated!")
frame_queue.task_done()
window.after(1, update_img)
if __name__ == "__main__":
with uvclite.UVCContext() as context:
cap_dev = context.find_device()
cap_dev.set_callback(frame_callback, 12345)
cap_dev.open()
cap_dev.start_streaming()
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Join")
window.geometry("300x300")
window.configure(background="grey")
frame = frame_queue.get(block=True, timeout=None)
# Creates a Tkinter-compatible photo image, which can be used everywhere Tkinter expects an image object.
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(io.BytesIO(frame.data)))
panel = tk.Label(window, image=img)
frame_queue.task_done()
panel.pack(side="bottom", fill="both", expand="yes")
window.after(1, update_img)
window.mainloop()
print("Exiting...")
cap_dev.stop_streaming()
print("Closing..")
cap_dev.close()
print("Clear Context")
Each frame is a complete JPEG image, stored in a bytearray
. The frame_callback
function gets call for every frame generated by the camera. I see "Dropped frame!" printed quite frequently, meaning my GUI code isn't pulling frames off of the queue fast enough and frame_callback
encounters the queue.Full
exception when trying to put new frames onto the queue. I've tried playing with the delay on the window.after
scheduled function (first integer argument, units of milliseconds), but haven't had much luck.
So my question is: What can I do to optimize my GUI code to pull frames off of the queue faster? Am I missing something obvious?
Thanks!
回答1:
I'm posting this as an answer inspired by @stovfl's comment on the question, but I'm still curious to see how other people would approach this.
His comment pointed out that my frame_queue
probably cannot deliver frames when calling frame_queue.get()
within 1 millisecond, so I just removed the queue from the GUI update code entirely. Instead, I call the GUI updating code from the callback directly. Here is the new code:
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
import uvclite
import io
user_check = True
def frame_callback(in_frame, user):
global user_check
if user_check:
print("User id: %d" % user)
user_check = False
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(io.BytesIO(in_frame.data)))
panel.configure(image=img)
panel.image = img
if __name__ == "__main__":
with uvclite.UVCContext() as context:
cap_dev = context.find_device()
cap_dev.set_callback(frame_callback, 12345)
cap_dev.open()
cap_dev.start_streaming()
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Join")
window.geometry("300x300")
window.configure(background="grey")
panel = tk.Label(window)
panel.pack(side="bottom", fill="both", expand="yes")
window.mainloop()
print("Exiting...")
cap_dev.stop_streaming()
print("Closing..")
cap_dev.close()
print("Clear Context")
This works quite well, and the GUI is very responsive and captures motion in real time. I'm not going to mark this as an answer just yet, I would like to see what other people come up with first.
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58525958/keeping-up-with-camera-frame-rate-in-tkinter-gui