How to start activity-alias of another app which has permission?

问题

I have an app which has an activity and activity-alias. I am trying to call this activity from another app through activity-alias but it crashes when i add permission in activity-alias. If no permission is added, it works fine.

     <permission
       android:name="com.USE_SASETTINGS"
       android:protectionLevel="normal" />

     <activity android:name=".DemoActivity"
        android:exported="true">

        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>

    </activity>

    <activity-alias
        android:name=".demoAlias"
        android:exported="true"
        android:targetActivity="DemoActivity"
        android:permission="com.USE_SASETTINGS">

        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="com.example.accountsettingone"/>
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
        </intent-filter>

    </activity-alias>

From another app, i am trying to call the activity through activity-alias.

Manifest of another app:

 <uses-permission android:name="com.USE_SASETTINGS"/>

Activity of another app:    
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
      Intent intent = new Intent();
      startActivity(new Intent("com.example.accountsettingone"));
  }

}

But application crashes. Error message:

  E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty, PID: 24625
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty/com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty.MainActivity}: java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial: starting Intent { act=com.example.accountsettingone cmp=com.example.app.test/com.example.app.test.demoAlias } from ProcessRecord{9b35008 24625:com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty/u0a187} (pid=24625, uid=10187) requires com.USE_SASETTINGS
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3610)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3756)
    at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83)
    at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135)
    at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2246)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:237)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8037)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:496)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1100)
 Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial: starting Intent { act=com.example.accountsettingone cmp=com.example.app.test/com.example.app.test.demoAlias } from ProcessRecord{9b35008 24625:com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty/u0a187} (pid=24625, uid=10187) requires com.USE_SASETTINGS
    at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2088)
    at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2056)
    at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2004)
    at android.app.IActivityTaskManager$Stub$Proxy.startActivity(IActivityTaskManager.java:4469)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.execStartActivity(Instrumentation.java:1716)
    at android.app.Activity.startActivityForResult(Activity.java:5258)
    at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.startActivityForResult(FragmentActivity.java:676)
    at android.app.Activity.startActivityForResult(Activity.java:5203)
    at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.startActivityForResult(FragmentActivity.java:663)
    at android.app.Activity.startActivity(Activity.java:5587)
    at android.app.Activity.startActivity(Activity.java:5555)
    at com.example.testpermissionsingleactiivty.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:16)
    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7963)
    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7952)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1307)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3585)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3756) 
    at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83) 
    at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135) 
    at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2246) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:237) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8037) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:496) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1100) 
 Caused by: android.os.RemoteException: Remote stack trace:
    at com.android.server.wm.ActivityStackSupervisor.checkStartAnyActivityPermission(ActivityStackSupervisor.java:1401)
    at com.android.server.wm.ActivityStarter.startActivity(ActivityStarter.java:936)
    at com.android.server.wm.ActivityStarter.startActivity(ActivityStarter.java:716)
    at com.android.server.wm.ActivityStarter.startActivityMayWait(ActivityStarter.java:2004)
    at com.android.server.wm.ActivityStarter.execute(ActivityStarter.java:630)

I am newbie. Eagerly waiting for feedback.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65889015/how-to-start-activity-alias-of-another-app-which-has-permission