问题
Possible duplicate
Hello,
I'm struggling with output redirection within a bash for loop. I have several similar bash scripts, each scripts being launched on a different input file. The scripts called a tool with a few arguments.
The bash scripts are like this :
my_tool --input input_file --arg1 arg1_name --arg2 arg2_name > output_dir/result_X.dat
X being a string which is unique for each script.
I run all of them in a for loop :
for script in scripts_dir/*.sh
do
bash $script
done
However, the stdout of each run still display on the terminal. The specified output files are created, but empty. How I can solve that ? I found other questions on stackoverflow where the answer is a redirection of the full loop in one big output file, but I'd like to avoid that.
If I replace > output_dir/result_X.dat by > /dev/null : the standard outputs display on the terminal
If I replace > output_dir/result_X.dat by ` 2> /dev/null : nothing is displayed.
Thanks in advance.
回答1:
When you start my_tool, there are normally 3 file-descriptors available in the tool:
- STDIN
- STDOUT
- STDERR
STDIN is used for input, and therefore irrelevant for this question. STDOUT is used for standard output. This is file-descriptor 1. If you do
ls 1> /dev/null
the STDOUT of ls is written to /dev/null. If you do not add the 1, as in ls > /dev/null, it is assumed that you mean STDOUT.
STDERR is used as standard output for error messages, in the broadest sense of the word. The number of STDERR is 2.
Using ls instead of your my_command, ls > file will put the listing in the file. ls /non_existing_dir_ > file will put the STDOUT of ls in the file. But there is no output on STDOUT, and because STDERR is not redirected, it will be send to the terminal.
So, to conclude,
ls . /non_existing_dir 2>stderr >stdout
will put the directory listing of . in the file stdout and the error for the non-existing directory in stderr.
With 2>&1 you redirect the output of filedescriptor2 (STDERR) to file descriptor 1 (SDTOUT).
To complicate things a bit, you can add other file descriptor numbers. For example:
exec 3>file
will put the output of file descriptor 3 (which is newly created) in file. And
ls 1>&3
will then redirect the output of file descriptor 1 to file descriptor 3, effectively putting the output of ls in file.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58187024/bash-stdout-redirection-in-a-for-loop