一、打包文件传到服务器
参考博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/8591782.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/alex3714/p/6538374.html
二、服务器环境准备好
安装Python3：
(http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/4906230.html)
http://www.cnblogs.com/alice-bj/articles/9277961.html
1、安装gcc，用于编译Python源码
yum install gcc
2、下载源码包，https://www.python.org/ftp/python/
3、解压并进入源码文件
4、编译安装
./configure
make all
make install
模式：/usr/local/bin/python3
安装django：
pip3 install django==1.11.7
报错：no module _sqlite3
所以应该先装：yum install sqlite-devel
重新编译安装py3
./configure
make
make install
三、运行
- 1.解压
- 2.配置：ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*',] # 允许访问
- 3.配置：DEBUG = False
# 用户看不到错误信息，以及暴露出来的url;注意改完之后，样式没有了！！
# 为什么？因为django对静态文件上线时，需要特殊处理。
- 4.找到django程序中每一个app和全局的静态文件，统一放置到某处。
# python3 manage.py
# python3 manage.py collectstatic
# 报错：You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.
# 静态文件收集到哪里？STATIC_ROOT
# 需要在 settings中配置 STATIC_ROOT = "allstatic"
# 之后在 python3 manage.py collectstatic 这样所有的静态文件就都收集到了项目下的allstatic下面
# 因为django对静态文件处理特别次，所以选择用nginx专门处理静态文件。
- 5.python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8001
四、Nginx做反向代理（处理静态文件）
安装：
yum install nginx
# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
配置文件：
user root;
worker_processes 4; #核数
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024; # IO多路复用，监听socket发生变化的，监听最多的连接数
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
}
server {
listen 80;
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;
location /static {
alias /data/s9deploy/allstatic;
}
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}
}
运行起来：systemctl start nginx # 默认是80端口
service nginx start # Centos6.9用这个实现了
五、uwsgi替换原来的wsgiref
安装：
pip3 install uwsgi
使用：
uwsgi启动django ： uwsgi --socket 127.0.0.1:8001 --chdir /data/s9deploy/ --wsgi-file s9deploy/wsgi.py
uwsgi --socket :8002 --chdir /data/deploy/ --wsgi-file deploy/wsgi.py
六、操作
1. 程序
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*',]
STATIC_ROOT = "allstatic"
2. 程序：s9deploy.zip 上传到服务器
yum install lrzsz
3. 解压:
yum install unzip
4. 安装uwsgi
pip3 install uwsgi
代替wsgi运行django：
不处理静态文件：
uwsgi --http 0.0.0.0:8001 --chdir /data/s9deploy/ --wsgi-file s9deploy/wsgi.py
处理静态文件：
python manage.py collectstatic # /data/s9deploy/allstatic
uwsgi --http 0.0.0.0:8001 --chdir /data/s9deploy/ --wsgi-file s9deploy/wsgi.py --static-map /static=/data/s9deploy/allstatic
简单运行方式：
vim uwsgi_s9deploy.ini
[uwsgi]
http = 0.0.0.0:8001 # scoket = 0.0.0.0:8001
chdir = /data/s9deploy/
wsgi-file = s9deploy/wsgi.py
processes = 4
static-map = /static=/data/s9deploy/allstatic
uwsgi --ini /data/s9deploy/uwsgi_s9deploy.ini
5. 安装nginx
yum install nginx
配置：
user root;
worker_processes 4;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
server 127.0.0.1:8002;
}
server {
listen 80;
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;
location /static {
alias /data/s9deploy/allstatic;
}
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}
}
6. 安装supervisor，检测进程不要被关闭。
第二阶段：管理工具，ansible/fabric/puppet/saltstack
第三阶段：基于git + 管理工具
第四阶段：jekins web程序
七、总结
nginx 做了负载均衡, web集群,多个机器处理请求
uwsgi_deploy_8002.ini uwsgi_deploy_8003.ini
uwsgi --ini /data/s9deploy/uwsgi_s9deploy_8001.ini & # 后台运行
uwsgi --ini /data/s9deploy/uwsgi_s9deploy_8002.ini &
nginx 反向代理；请求制作转发 静态文件自己处理 动态文件 交给uwsgi
192.168.12.22:8001
192.168.12.23:8001
192.168.12.22： uwsgi：配置文件 + 代码
192.168.12.23： uwsgi: 配置文件 + 代码
运行： uwsgi --ini /data/s9deploy/uwsgi_s9deploy_8002.ini &
uwsgi 也可以 开进程； processes = 4
nginx接4个，后台接 4个 ，实现并发 (加一个& 后台运行 不卡住；)
uwsgi --ini uwsgi_deploy_8002.ini &
----------------------------
第二阶段： 批量上传 批量
----------------------------
项目部署方案：
supervisor 监测这三个进程 看谁的进程死掉了,会自动启动； 安装supervisor，检测进程不要被关闭。
如果关闭，立即重启；
ps -ef|grep uwsgi
kill -9 3101
假设：程序要做负载均衡；
两个uwsgi 一个nginx 有三个程序运行；
----------------------
八、code 配置
user root;
worker_processes 4;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8003;
server 127.0.0.1:8004;
# server 192.1.123.1;
}
server {
listen 80;
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;
location /static {
alias /data/deploy/allstatic;
}
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}
}
"""
Django settings for deploy project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.11.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '&4r0zssdr8%(cph&+^nx#k)r+rpwpw)^_q)2f7()*a3ki8p^ju'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*',]
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'app01.apps.App01Config',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'deploy.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
,
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'deploy.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
]
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "allstatic")
九、图片
十、补充
项目开发完毕后，需要将代码放到服务器上，这样用户才能访问。接下来我们一步一步来进行一波部署操作。
1. 简单粗暴
项目开发完毕，在部署之前需要再配置文件中将 ALLOWED_HOSTS配置设置为：当前服务器IP或*，如：
|
1
|
ALLOWED_HOSTS
=
[
"*"
,]
|
然后将源码上传至服务器指定目录，如：/data/ ，然后执行命令来运行：
注: 上传命令: scp /Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/oldboy-1.zip root@192.168.10.33:/data/
解压，进入目录并执行以下命令：
|
1
|
python3 mange.py runserver
0.0
.
0.0
:
8000
|
类似这样的上线网站：
2. uwsgi
Django框架运行依赖wsgi（本质提供socket服务端），众多模块实现了wsgi规范，而django框架中默认使用wsigiref模块来实现，他由于性能比较低，所以用于本地开发和测试，而线上部署时需要使用uwsgi来代替。
a. 在服务器上安装uwsgi
|
1
|
pip3 install uwsgi
|
需要先安装：yum install python-devel
b. 单文件使用uwsgi
在服务器上编写一个Python文件：
|
1
2
3
|
def
application(env, start_response):
start_response(
'200 OK'
, [(
'Content-Type'
,
'text/html'
)])
return
[b
"Hello World"
]
|
在服务器上执行命令启动Web服务器：
|
1
2
3
|
uwsgi
-
-
http :
9001
-
-
wsgi
-
file
app.py
# 或
uwsgi
-
-
http :
9002
-
-
wsgi
-
file
foobar.py
-
-
master
-
-
processes
4
|
PS: flask需要再加 --callable app
访问查看即可：
c. django程序使用uwsgi
将开发好的django程序拷贝到服务器目录【同示例一】，即：/data/oldboy ，执行命令启动：
|
1
|
uwsgi
-
-
http :
9005
-
-
chdir
/
data
/
oldboy
/
-
-
wsgi
-
file
oldboy
/
wsgi.py
-
-
master
-
-
processes
4
|
1. 创建配置文件 oldboy.ini
[uwsgi]
http = 0.0.0.0:9005
chdir = /data/oldboy/
wsgi-file = oldboy/wsgi.py
processes = 4
static-map = /static=/data/oldboy/allstatic
2. 根据配置文件启动uwsgi
uwsigi --ini oldboy.iniPS: 如果有虚拟环境可以添加上虚拟环境路径配置： virtualenv = /env/oldboy_venv
此时访问时，会出现找不到静态文件的错误。
想要uwsgi处理静态文件，需要先将django的静态文件收集到制定目录，然后再设置对应关系。
- 收集django静态文件
- 在django的配置文件中添加：STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"allstatic")
- 执行 python3 manage.py collectstatic 命令，至此django项目所有相关静态文件都会收集到制定目录。
- 设置uwsgi静态文件对应关系
- uwsgi --http :9005 --chdir /data/oldboy/ --wsgi-file oldboy/wsgi.py --master --processes 4 --static-map /static=/data/oldboy/allstatic
访问地址，即可看到网站了....
3. nginx
利用Nginx做反向代理、负载均衡以及处理静态文件。
a. 安装Nginx
|
1
|
yum install nginx
|
b. 配置nginx
user root;
worker_processes 4;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
# server 192.1.123.1;
}
server {
listen 80;
charset utf-8;
# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;
location /static {
alias /data/oldboy/allstatic;
}
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}
}确保nginx配置文件目录下有uwsgi_params文件（默认）
c. 配置uwsgi
为了确保让所有请求均通过80端口来访问网站，将uwsgi的配置文件修改为：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
[uwsgi]
socket
=
127.0
.
0.1
:
9005
chdir
=
/
data
/
oldboy
/
wsgi
-
file
=
oldboy
/
wsgi.py
processes
=
4
logto
=
/
tmp
/
oldboy.log
|
d. 启动uwsgi和nginx
|
1
2
3
|
uwsgi --ini
/data/oldboy/oldboy
.ini &
/etc/init
.d
/nginx
start
|
4. supervisor
supervisor是一个对进程管理的软件，可以帮助我们启动uwsgi并维护（uwsgi进程关闭时，自动将其启动起来）。
a. 安装
|
1
|
yum
install
supervisor
|
b. 配置 vim /etc/supervisor.conf
[supervisord]
http_port=/var/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (default is to run a UNIX domain socket server)
;http_port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (alternately, ip_address:port specifies AF_INET)
;sockchmod=0700 ; AF_UNIX socketmode (AF_INET ignore, default 0700)
;sockchown=nobody.nogroup ; AF_UNIX socket uid.gid owner (AF_INET ignores)
;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022)
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB)
logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10)
loglevel=info ; (logging level;default info; others: debug,warn)
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false)
minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024)
minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200)
;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false)
;http_username=user ; (default is no username (open system))
;http_password=123 ; (default is no password (open system))
;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root)
;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start)
;environment=KEY=value ; (key value pairs to add to environment)
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set
;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values,
; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.
;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;autorestart=true ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
;startsecs=10 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 10)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait before SIGKILL (default 10)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;log_stdout=true ; if true, log program stdout (default true)
;log_stderr=true ; if true, log program stderr (def false)
;logfile=/var/log/cat.log ; child log path, use NONE for none; default AUTO
;logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;logfile_backups=10 ; # of logfile backups (default 10)
[program:oldboy]
command=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi /data/oldboy/oldboy.ini ;命令
priority=999 ; 优先级（越小越优先）
autostart=true ; supervisord启动时，该程序也启动
autorestart=true ; 异常退出时，自动启动
startsecs=10 ; 启动后持续10s后未发生异常，才表示启动成功
startretries=3 ; 异常后，自动重启次数
exitcodes=0,2 ; exit异常抛出的是0、2时才认为是异常
stopsignal=QUIT ; 杀进程的信号
stopwaitsecs=10 ; 向进程发出stopsignal后等待OS向supervisord返回SIGCHILD 的时间。若超时则supervisord将使用SIGKILL杀进程
user=chrism ; 设置启动该程序的用户
log_stdout=true ; 如果为True，则记录程序日志
log_stderr=false ; 如果为True，则记录程序错误日志
logfile=/var/log/cat.log ; 程序日志路径
logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; 日志文件最大大小
logfile_backups=10 ; 日志文件最大数量c. 启动
|
1
2
3
|
supervisord
/etc/supervisor
.conf
或
/etc/init
.d
/supervisor
start
|
https://blog.csdn.net/lileihappy/article/details/79580291
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4365520/blog/3908440