问题
So under the tag prolog I found this puzzle (original post) and I thought: this would be even better in ASP. So I put this here as a question for anyone who wants to solve a puzzle with me. I will answer this question as soon as I found a solution myself, and I would be happy to compare my code with yours. Thank you.
jean was killed on Tuesday; the only suspects are:
Luc, Paul, Alain, Bernard and Louis.
The rules to follow are:
The murderer is somebody who has a motive to kill jean, who owns a gun, and who does not have an alibi for Tuesday.
An alibi provided by a person who is not trustworthy is not accepted.
Somebody has a motive to kill jean if he has a special interest in killing jean or he wants revenge.
Somebody has a special interest in killing jean is he is the beneficiary of jean’s fortune, or if he owns money to jean, or if jean surprised him committing a crime.
Here are the facts established by the investigation:
Luc has an alibi for Tuesday given by Bernard
Paul has an alibi for Tuesday given by Bernard
Louis has an alibi for Tuesday given by Luc
Alain has an alibi for Thursday given by Luc
Alain is not a trustworthy person
Paul wants to take revenge on Jean
Luc wants to take revenge on Jean
Bernard is the beneficiary of Jean’s fortune
Jean is the beneficiary of Louis’s fortune
Louis owns money to Jean
Luc owns money to Jean
Jean has seen Alain committing a crime
Luc owns a gun
Louis owns a gun
Alain owns a gun
回答1:
I tried this problem , and and this is my solution . I hope it will help you and if does , so please click on check and rank solution.
alibi(luc,bernard,tuesday).
alibi(paul,bernard,tuesday).
alibi(louis,luc,tuesday).
alibi(alain,luc,thursday).
notrust(alain).
revenge(paul,jean).
revenge(luc,jean).
benefit(bernard,jean).
benefit(lean,louis).
owns(louis,jean).
owns(luc,jean).
crime_seen(alain,jean).
gun(luc).
gun(louis).
gun(alain).
special_interest(X,jean):- benefit(X,jean);owns(X,jean);crime_seen(X,jean).
true_alibi(X):- alibi(X,Y,tuesday), \+ notrust(Y).
motive(X,jean):- special_interest(X,jean);revenge(X,jean).
murderer(X,jean):- gun(X),motive(X,jean),\+ true_alibi(X).
solve(X):-murderer(X,jean).
回答2:
person(luc; paul; alain; bernard; louis).
alibi(luc,tuesday,bernard).
alibi(paul,tuesday,bernard).
alibi(louis,tuesday,luc).
alibi(alain,thurday,luc).
ntw(alain).
revenge(paul,jean).
revenge(luc,jean).
beneficiary(bernard, jean).
beneficiary(jean, louis).
owns(louis,jean).
owns(luc,jean).
seen(jean,alain).
gun(luc;louis;alain).
{murderer(M):person(M)} == 1.
murderer(M) :- person(M), motiv(M,jean), gun(M), not validalibi(M,tuesday,_).
validalibi(M,D,A) :- alibi(M,D,A), tw(A).
{ntw(P);tw(P)} == 1:- person(P).
motiv(P,O) :- revenge(P,O).
motiv(P,O) :- interest(P,O).
interest(P,O) :- beneficiary(P,O).
interest(P,O) :- owns(P,O).
interest(P,O) :- seen(O,P).
#show tw/1.
#show murderer/1.
My solution assumes that there is only one murderer and every person is either trustworthy (tw/1) or not (ntw/1). The output is
Answer: 1
murderer(alain) tw(bernard) tw(luc) tw(paul)
Answer: 2
murderer(alain) tw(bernard) tw(luc) tw(paul) tw(louis)
Answer: 3
murderer(alain) tw(bernard) tw(luc)
Answer: 4
murderer(alain) tw(bernard) tw(luc) tw(louis)
SATISFIABLE
Which more or less states: if there is only one murderer then it is Alain and it does not matter if Paul or Louis are trustworthy.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65278138/murder-puzzle-in-asp