前言
前段时间看到一篇文章讲如何保证API调用时数据的安全性（传送门：https://blog.csdn.net/ityouknow/article/details/80603617），文中讲到利用RSA来加密传输AES的秘钥，用AES来加密数据，并提供如下思路：
说人话就是前、后端各自生成自己的RSA秘钥对（公钥、私钥），然后交换公钥（后端给前端的是正常的明文公钥，前端给后端的是用后端公钥加密后的密文公钥；PS：其实我觉得直接交换两个明文公钥就行了），后端生成AES的明文key，用明文key进行AES加密得到密文数据，用前端的公钥进行RSA加密得到密文key，API交互时并将密文数据与密文key进行传输，前端用自己的私钥进行RAS解密的到明文key，用明文key进行AES解密得到明文数据；前端给后端发送数据时同理，这样一来，传输的数据都是密文，且只有秘钥才能解密
可惜这篇博客只提供了思路，但并没有具体的代码，我们在网上查找一下资料，开始生撸代码，实现一个前后端API交互数据加密——AES与RSA混合加密，并应用到项目中
后端加、解密
从网上查找工具类，再进行改造
先引入Base64工具类
<!-- Base64编码需要 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.directory.studio</groupId>
<artifactId>org.apache.commons.codec</artifactId>
<version>1.8</version>
</dependency>
AES
package cn.huanzi.ims.util;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* AES加、解密算法工具类
*/
public class AesUtil {
/**
* 加密算法AES
*/
private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
/**
* key的长度，Wrong key size: must be equal to 128, 192 or 256
* 传入时需要16、24、36
*/
private static final Integer KEY_LENGTH = 16 * 8;
/**
* 算法名称/加密模式/数据填充方式
* 默认：AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding
*/
private static final String ALGORITHMS = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
/**
* 后端AES的key，由静态代码块赋值
*/
public static String key;
static {
key = getKey();
}
/**
* 获取key
*/
public static String getKey() {
StringBuilder uid = new StringBuilder();
//产生16位的强随机数
Random rd = new SecureRandom();
for (int i = 0; i < KEY_LENGTH / 8; i++) {
//产生0-2的3位随机数
int type = rd.nextInt(3);
switch (type) {
case 0:
//0-9的随机数
uid.append(rd.nextInt(10));
break;
case 1:
//ASCII在65-90之间为大写,获取大写随机
uid.append((char) (rd.nextInt(25) + 65));
break;
case 2:
//ASCII在97-122之间为小写，获取小写随机
uid.append((char) (rd.nextInt(25) + 97));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return uid.toString();
}
/**
* 加密
*
* @param content 加密的字符串
* @param encryptKey key值
*/
public static String encrypt(String content, String encryptKey) throws Exception {
//设置Cipher对象
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS,new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(encryptKey.getBytes(), KEY_ALGORITHM));
//调用doFinal
byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
// 转base64
return Base64.encodeBase64String(b);
}
/**
* 解密
*
* @param encryptStr 解密的字符串
* @param decryptKey 解密的key值
*/
public static String decrypt(String encryptStr, String decryptKey) throws Exception {
//base64格式的key字符串转byte
byte[] decodeBase64 = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptStr);
//设置Cipher对象
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS,new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(decryptKey.getBytes(), KEY_ALGORITHM));
//调用doFinal解密
byte[] decryptBytes = cipher.doFinal(decodeBase64);
return new String(decryptBytes);
}
}
AesUtil
RSA
package cn.huanzi.ims.util;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* RSA加、解密算法工具类
*/
public class RsaUtil {
/**
* 加密算法AES
*/
private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
/**
* 算法名称/加密模式/数据填充方式
* 默认：RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding
*/
private static final String ALGORITHMS = "RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding";
/**
* Map获取公钥的key
*/
private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "publicKey";
/**
* Map获取私钥的key
*/
private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "privateKey";
/**
* RSA最大加密明文大小
*/
private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
/**
* RSA最大解密密文大小
*/
private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
/**
* RSA 位数 如果采用2048 上面最大加密和最大解密则须填写: 245 256
*/
private static final int INITIALIZE_LENGTH = 1024;
/**
* 后端RSA的密钥对(公钥和私钥)Map，由静态代码块赋值
*/
private static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair = new HashMap<>();
static {
try {
genKeyPair.putAll(genKeyPair());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
*/
private static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
keyPairGen.initialize(INITIALIZE_LENGTH);
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
//公钥
keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
//私钥
keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
return keyMap;
}
/**
* 私钥解密
*
* @param encryptedData 已加密数据
* @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
*/
public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey) throws Exception {
//base64格式的key字符串转Key对象
byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
//设置加密、填充方式
/*
如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
<version>1.46</version>
</dependency>
并改成
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());
*/
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
//分段进行解密操作
return encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(encryptedData, cipher, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
}
/**
* 公钥加密
*
* @param data 源数据
* @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
*/
public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey) throws Exception {
//base64格式的key字符串转Key对象
byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
//设置加密、填充方式
/*
如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
<version>1.46</version>
</dependency>
并改成
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());
*/
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
//分段进行加密操作
return encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(data, cipher, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
}
/**
* 获取私钥
*/
public static String getPrivateKey() {
Key key = (Key) genKeyPair.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
return Base64.encodeBase64String(key.getEncoded());
}
/**
* 获取公钥
*/
public static String getPublicKey() {
Key key = (Key) genKeyPair.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
return Base64.encodeBase64String(key.getEncoded());
}
/**
* 分段进行加密、解密操作
*/
private static byte[] encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(byte[] data, Cipher cipher, int encryptBlock) throws Exception {
int inputLen = data.length;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int offSet = 0;
byte[] cache;
int i = 0;
// 对数据分段加密
while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
if (inputLen - offSet > encryptBlock) {
cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, encryptBlock);
} else {
cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
}
out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
i++;
offSet = i * encryptBlock;
}
byte[] toByteArray = out.toByteArray();
out.close();
return toByteArray;
}
}
RsaUtil
简单测试
AES对称加密、解密简单测试
1、字符串
public static void main(String[] args) {
//16位
String key = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3";
//字符串
String str = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子";
try {
//加密
String encrypt = AesUtil.encrypt(str, key);
//解密
String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(encrypt, key);
System.out.println("加密前：" + str);
System.out.println("加密后：" + encrypt);
System.out.println("解密后：" + decrypt);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
加密后：dXPRtcdHPQSTwxLnmixkaSvNfGHhg5Gz8sGTtiqCpPo=
解密后：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
2、复杂对象
public static void main(String[] args) {
//16位
String key = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3";
//复杂对象
ImsUserVo userVo = new ImsUserVo();
userVo.setUserName("123456");
userVo.setPassword("111111");
try {
//加密
String encrypt = AesUtil.encrypt(userVo.toString(), key);
//解密
String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(encrypt, key);
System.out.println("加密前：" + userVo.toString());
System.out.println("加密后：" + encrypt);
System.out.println("解密后：" + decrypt);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
加密前：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
加密后：AXv8ewfY+gbuZ/dCmGAxngLry+Idlp1NKZ8yyf9+bmrBggUBo3b+e4XRwMAE/DP+vFS2HpgeYQTrZM1ECjo01uvZ/T6lY7b2C6L8PTotYHQyJM3kOs+YNXL/uyvFZ2EICSQWhmM1XX+g0juHLCbgQDMNXc56S/7eH2p+su1+CTMygUBCF0U/gZaSzqylqujTb3sg7q4xMuxCQ6ne6xmL3ebjanOLeMJHypTDy1rlJTw=
解密后：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
RAS非对称加密、解密简单测试
1、字符串的RSA公钥加密、私钥解密
public static void main(String[] args) {
//字符串
String str = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子";
try {
System.out.println("私钥：" + RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
System.out.println("公钥：" + RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
//公钥加密
byte[] ciphertext = RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(str.getBytes(), RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
//私钥解密
byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(ciphertext, RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
System.out.println("公钥加密前：" + str);
System.out.println("公钥加密后：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(ciphertext));
System.out.println("私钥解密后：" + new String(plaintext));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
私钥：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
公钥：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDRtPG9i9B5NUAiV8k1COgOAqlvihDQnnWciQmDLXmf78fdynmGWz0oYSNyFiSbY/VPom4gFUY85opCPZZCnYJwmjoE5hGYrNkVoC84XDqUqnafyenfmLZgg+lA3jtxOkD8n1b/Xd6j66mmFAsYuwpqLs1Wmv3Caq32Ae6hmLd7uQIDAQAB
公钥加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
公钥加密后：MQa65DyVZg/L8SBilLX1yUiajtiTBqUFpQ/qlrSRyMGCubylbp9KisowRghPxk9BuI3+ea/4QpidIZKJaZAbQQ+ZKyslSTk3nm6H+0BF9pMA7BUeC33xHSy+3lJrNOr5S+Vup1Oir3Nu8i2vJYQV1pPkB5+zyUVEcNLD3xr/eNQ=
私钥解密后：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
2、复杂对象的RSA公钥加密、私钥解密
public static void main(String[] args) {
//复杂对象
ImsUserVo userVo = new ImsUserVo();
userVo.setUserName("123456");
userVo.setPassword("111111");
try {
System.out.println("私钥：" + RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
System.out.println("公钥：" + RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
//公钥加密
byte[] ciphertext = RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(userVo.toString().getBytes(), RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
//私钥解密
byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(ciphertext, RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
System.out.println("公钥加密前：" + userVo.toString());
System.out.println("公钥加密后：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(ciphertext));
System.out.println("私钥解密后：" + new String(plaintext));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
私钥：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
公钥：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC+oEirNhuIha4T6NGixC3xs7AgGgeYc7b3JQ/SdoWU9il37OkuScGdEVkUdvK6h5tHtkTVt382Mji70qKvd5/00QJJlwW1YmtwQk60syz6yhWPCby8l6m61dDa8csGPuGZYEeUfrHFmo9y7VEet7El2+XXZjoPV3La1gRr7CqzSQIDAQAB
公钥加密前：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
公钥加密后：Un+1m/CbpzVkkxYrwNOWyEXqpsawxcdv4p3G+9b+SQRiC/THL8YG+IvqFCHnxizzYGB9LEvLbQxw72JB0Wlo1+/SvX7AJb2h0ddpvVUkPjmtXNo073SV1zMK+9NTCJUMMoHu/TIptxRbVxlBoGMHa+jq8h2y3RUOPtx/9zhBWlQmzZEifv0MjgAhKX5ucExYfXctcAVGHL959+TwKqKQmTENw5o0ElksaA0KIF+4L7RvpWVSqZT1Y4O2gMP9ALjamCx6ziRcmk4b4Q5Goph0nmw6nA387qVi3Vz6rQHrIpL0HT5OSiz1O7+2L3N0Him2IZeAgg3EZCi5xTGl54jGEw==
私钥解密后：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
<version>1.46</version>
</dependency>
加解密的时候改成
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());
前端加、解密
AES我们采用CryptoJS，是一个标准和安全加密算法的JavaScript库，它的AES加密支持AES-128、AES-192和AES-256。下载或查看详情介绍请戳官网地址
GitHub地址：https://github.com/brix/crypto-js
官网地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/crypto-js/
RSA我们采用JSEncrypt，它是一个很好用的RSA加密算法的JavaScript库，使用PKCS#1进行填充，加解密使用方式很简单，具体的介绍或者下载请移步官网
GitHub地址：https://github.com/travist/jsencrypt
官网地址：http://travistidwell.com/jsencrypt/
下载下来后我们在项目头部head.html引入，并新建两个小工具类
AES
/**
* 简单封装一下
*/
var aesUtil = {
//获取key，
genKey : function (length = 16) {
let random = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
let str = "";
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
str = str + random.charAt(Math.random() * random.length)
}
return str;
},
//加密
encrypt : function (plaintext,key) {
if (plaintext instanceof Object) {
//JSON.stringify
plaintext = JSON.stringify(plaintext)
}
let encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(plaintext), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode:CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7});
return encrypted.toString();
},
//解密
decrypt : function (ciphertext,key) {
let decrypt = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(ciphertext, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode:CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7});
let decString = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(decrypt).toString();
if(decString.charAt(0) === "{" || decString.charAt(0) === "[" ){
//JSON.parse
decString = JSON.parse(decString);
}
return decString;
}
};
aesUtil
RSA
/**
* 简单封装一下
*/
var rsaUtil = {
//RSA 位数，这里要跟后端对应
bits: 1024,
//当前JSEncrypted对象
thisKeyPair: {},
//生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
genKeyPair: function (bits = rsaUtil.bits) {
let genKeyPair = {};
rsaUtil.thisKeyPair = new JSEncrypt({default_key_size: bits});
//获取私钥
genKeyPair.privateKey = rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.getPrivateKey();
//获取公钥
genKeyPair.publicKey = rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.getPublicKey();
return genKeyPair;
},
//公钥加密
encrypt: function (plaintext, publicKey) {
if (plaintext instanceof Object) {
//1、JSON.stringify
plaintext = JSON.stringify(plaintext)
}
publicKey && rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.setPublicKey(publicKey);
return rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.encrypt(JSON.stringify(plaintext));
},
//私钥解密
decrypt: function (ciphertext, privateKey) {
privateKey && rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.setPrivateKey(privateKey);
let decString = rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.decrypt(ciphertext);
if(decString.charAt(0) === "{" || decString.charAt(0) === "[" ){
//JSON.parse
decString = JSON.parse(decString);
}
return decString;
}
};
rsaUtil
简单测试
AES对称加密、解密简单测试
1、字符串
//字符串
let text = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子";
//key
let genKey = aesUtil.genKey();
//key加密
let ciphertext = aesUtil.encrypt(text,genKey);
//key解密
let plaintext = aesUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,genKey);
console.log("key：");console.log(genKey);
console.log("加密前：");console.log(text);
console.log("key加密后：" + ciphertext);
console.log("key解密后：");console.log(plaintext);
key：q99IsnEuryk1ZvgX
加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
key加密后：aZn58GtEj9Is0hNWbJoqpRD6RkiBVPCHOvva3Xq2PYo=
key解密后：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
2、复杂对象
//复杂对象
let user = {username: "欢子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"};
//key
let genKey = aesUtil.genKey();
//key加密
let ciphertext = aesUtil.encrypt(user,genKey);
//key解密
let plaintext = aesUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,genKey);
console.log("key：");console.log(genKey);
console.log("加密前：");console.log(user);
console.log("key加密后：" + ciphertext);
console.log("key解密后：");console.log(plaintext);
key：e6gzizHIpDfc6hbg
加密前：{username: "欢子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"}
key加密后：YdNw5AwteEp8WZs5xMv0YiGcXvX81P9MCLOvroHjfLUyQV/GwJ6obRqi4DT2ucJy8DWrKueOzLGLSQXUVhAgIA==
key解密后：{username: "欢子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"}RAS非对称加密、解密简单测试
1、字符串的RSA公钥加密、私钥解密
//普通字符串
let text = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子";
//秘钥对
let keyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
//公钥加密
let ciphertext = rsaUtil.encrypt(text,keyPair.publicKey);
//私钥解密
let plaintext = rsaUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("秘钥：");console.log(keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("公钥：" + keyPair.publicKey);
console.log("加密前：" + text);
console.log("公钥加密后：" + ciphertext);
console.log("解密后：" + plaintext);
秘钥：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
公钥：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDtBKNg9NJ0+mMWq+99geoi32t+xkbJuvQ4Wr7x8I+zGT8xiG+jG+OAuSjvi5yA7IEMMAj8Y8vS7IPPo2mAr/PH0DsNiHMATJm8mNIEDzfP4WOFOdidzqP+6/9iOLMfe4cHtGq+kdX7QPx4uabnIXAREnR4nVl5Mtxf+vEHXGmEPwIDAQAB
加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子
公钥加密后：aUkUMYC7lF8M1xzcx5ZEdc0DQt4FrqvWqEnD30raV++j7rwsfEcyXpPmeF1g2LR86FVG3oxgdTptorkwUDSXB3Tv4av7toGg7Zcf9l1vs5WQX7kCDTitwBVwyBNTZq22xed1J/LAkDujDav6tUJHdMmRKYVe2NeTswvWLOqWWW4=
解密后："huanzi.qch@qq.com:欢子"
2、复杂对象的RSA公钥加密、私钥解密
//复杂对象
let user = {username:"欢子",password:123456,remark:"abcd!@#$:"};
//秘钥对
let keyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
//公钥加密
let ciphertext = rsaUtil.encrypt(user,keyPair.publicKey);
//私钥解密
let plaintext = rsaUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("秘钥：");console.log(keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("公钥：" + keyPair.publicKey);
console.log("加密前：" + user);
console.log("公钥加密后：" + ciphertext);
console.log("解密后：" + plaintext);
秘钥：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
公钥：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCsAE5TN8kD7U4mFyxBzN1w23Rkf4K8MQ3B0bCZE5crjYp81eUtWrfUM+zLPmF9e1P/ws2yGHvL6mueU9PxtDJn5rSLsQBSxIkN0QB/nq76S4uh2Nrmmrjomejy5LqXnTVbEoIW2RTFBzyMWy4AjQY6P2pAJ8zCagvcdYcweUIqMQIDAQAB
加密前：[object Object]
公钥加密后：LwggD8SIeWoqzh4gHh/vJ9nEZsqeNZfoxgrRRPD7k0wpp9/uZmR5kfRJ8O59yW5IaOt1z50mJ26ylRBOKNoTTl7Rt4zVmBYX4EXr4Ajq3CINFcPI/j5l8yQRSIgLPUvOxhIAKmfrgNKCaLjSdjK/CnTbPrZoDArI8iAHq/ih4r8=
解密后："{\"username\":\"欢子\",\"password\":123456,\"remark\":\"abcd!@#$:\"}"
联调测试
自己解密自己加密的的数据基本上没有什么问题，重要的是解密对方加密的数据会不会成功，前后端相互加解密的工程中，最重要的就是保持两边的加密、填充方式一致、加密位数一致，还有就是后端Base64字符串转成byte[]数组的时候要注意，Base64工具类转跟直接字符串getByte()跟用输入输出流来转，得到的数组结果有差异，在本次测试中我也是搞了好久才使得前后端一致，紧跟上面的简单测试，接下来我们进行前后端联调测试
1、AES：前后端相互用对方的key解密对方加密的数据
2、RSA：前后端相互用对方的公钥进行加密数据，然后将数据叫给对方解密
这里要讲一下步骤，不然大家看不懂下面这几张图，为了确保后端加密解密用的是同一个密钥对，我们采用控制台输入前端秘钥跟前端使用后端公钥加密后的密文，然后再使用私钥去解密从而得到前端的明文，而js前端部分，只有不刷新页面，对象数据会存在浏览器内存中，确保了加密解密是用同一个对密钥对
总而言之，测试结果是正确的，接下来就可以再项目中进行加解密了
项目应用
理论思路
前、后端的代码都封装好了，并且都通过了简单测试，接下来就是应用到项目中，首先我们要解决的是生成公钥秘钥并交换的问题，思路如下：
生成：
1、后端：在项目启动的时候生成RSA公钥秘钥并在整个项目运行中不发生改变（或者每隔一段时间更新一次也行），AES的key是每次响应之前随机获取
2、前端：我们在访问页面开始生成RSA公钥秘钥并且希望页面在刷新之前都不发生改变，因此将它们存在window对象中（如果需要更加健全，使用H5的本地存储localStorage、sessionStorage）在head.html中生成，AES的key在每次发起请求之前随机获取
交换：
1、前端获取后端RSA公钥：前端访问登录页面（网站入口），后台返回modelAndView时注入RSA的公钥，前端获取用存到sessionStorage中，直到回话关闭
2、后端获取前端RSA公钥：前端公钥跟随http请求发送到后端
生成与交换公钥的问题解决了，接下来就是如何传输AES加密后的数据跟RSA公钥加密后的AES的key，思路如下：
1、前端：重写$.ajax方法（或者封装一个ajax），发送数据前用AES加密数据（key随机生成），用后端的RSA公钥加密AES的key，将加密后的data数据、加密后的AES的key、前端RSA公钥发送到后端；触发回调后，先用前端RSA私钥解密AES的key，在用明文key去解密
2、后端：写两个自定义注解Encrypt、Decrypt，AOP拦截所有带自定义注解的post请求进行加密解密，有@Encrypt需要对返回值进行加密，有@Decrypt需要对参数进行解密，加密解密过程与前端的操作同理
前端代码
引入js
<!--CryptoJS jsencrypt -->
<script th:src="@{/js/cryptojs.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/js/jsencrypt.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/js/aesUtil.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/js/rsaUtil.js}"></script>
下载CryptoJs跟jsencrypt下来发现CryptoJs需要引入很多js，因此在网上找了这个整合的js，引它就够了
!function(t,n){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=n():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],n):t.CryptoJS=n()}(this,function(){var t=t||function(t,n){var i=Object.create||function(){function t(){}return function(n){var i;return t.prototype=n,i=new t,t.prototype=null,i}}(),e={},r=e.lib={},o=r.Base=function(){return{extend:function(t){var n=i(this);return t&&n.mixIn(t),n.hasOwnProperty("init")&&this.init!==n.init||(n.init=function(){n.$super.init.apply(this,arguments)}),n.init.prototype=n,n.$super=this,n},create:function(){var t=this.extend();return t.init.apply(t,arguments),t},init:function(){},mixIn:function(t){for(var n in t)t.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(this[n]=t[n]);t.hasOwnProperty("toString")&&(this.toString=t.toString)},clone:function(){return this.init.prototype.extend(this)}}}(),s=r.WordArray=o.extend({init:function(t,i){t=this.words=t||[],i!=n?this.sigBytes=i:this.sigBytes=4*t.length},toString:function(t){return(t||c).stringify(this)},concat:function(t){var n=this.words,i=t.words,e=this.sigBytes,r=t.sigBytes;if(this.clamp(),e%4)for(var o=0;o<r;o++){var s=i[o>>>2]>>>24-o%4*8&255;n[e+o>>>2]|=s<<24-(e+o)%4*8}else for(var o=0;o<r;o+=4)n[e+o>>>2]=i[o>>>2];return this.sigBytes+=r,this},clamp:function(){var n=this.words,i=this.sigBytes;n[i>>>2]&=4294967295<<32-i%4*8,n.length=t.ceil(i/4)},clone:function(){var t=o.clone.call(this);return t.words=this.words.slice(0),t},random:function(n){for(var i,e=[],r=function(n){var n=n,i=987654321,e=4294967295;return function(){i=36969*(65535&i)+(i>>16)&e,n=18e3*(65535&n)+(n>>16)&e;var r=(i<<16)+n&e;return r/=4294967296,r+=.5,r*(t.random()>.5?1:-1)}},o=0;o<n;o+=4){var a=r(4294967296*(i||t.random()));i=987654071*a(),e.push(4294967296*a()|0)}return new s.init(e,n)}}),a=e.enc={},c=a.Hex={stringify:function(t){for(var n=t.words,i=t.sigBytes,e=[],r=0;r<i;r++){var o=n[r>>>2]>>>24-r%4*8&255;e.push((o>>>4).toString(16)),e.push((15&o).toString(16))}return e.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var n=t.length,i=[],e=0;e<n;e+=2)i[e>>>3]|=parseInt(t.substr(e,2),16)<<24-e%8*4;return new s.init(i,n/2)}},u=a.Latin1={stringify:function(t){for(var n=t.words,i=t.sigBytes,e=[],r=0;r<i;r++){var o=n[r>>>2]>>>24-r%4*8&255;e.push(String.fromCharCode(o))}return e.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var n=t.length,i=[],e=0;e<n;e++)i[e>>>2]|=(255&t.charCodeAt(e))<<24-e%4*8;return new s.init(i,n)}},f=a.Utf8={stringify:function(t){try{return decodeURIComponent(escape(u.stringify(t)))}catch(t){throw new Error("Malformed UTF-8 data")}},parse:function(t){return u.parse(unescape(encodeURIComponent(t)))}},h=r.BufferedBlockAlgorithm=o.extend({reset:function(){this._data=new s.init,this._nDataBytes=0},_append:function(t){"string"==typeof t&&(t=f.parse(t)),this._data.concat(t),this._nDataBytes+=t.sigBytes},_process:function(n){var i=this._data,e=i.words,r=i.sigBytes,o=this.blockSize,a=4*o,c=r/a;c=n?t.ceil(c):t.max((0|c)-this._minBufferSize,0);var u=c*o,f=t.min(4*u,r);if(u){for(var h=0;h<u;h+=o)this._doProcessBlock(e,h);var p=e.splice(0,u);i.sigBytes-=f}return new s.init(p,f)},clone:function(){var t=o.clone.call(this);return t._data=this._data.clone(),t},_minBufferSize:0}),p=(r.Hasher=h.extend({cfg:o.extend(),init:function(t){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(t),this.reset()},reset:function(){h.reset.call(this),this._doReset()},update:function(t){return this._append(t),this._process(),this},finalize:function(t){t&&this._append(t);var n=this._doFinalize();return n},blockSize:16,_createHelper:function(t){return function(n,i){return new t.init(i).finalize(n)}},_createHmacHelper:function(t){return function(n,i){return new p.HMAC.init(t,i).finalize(n)}}}),e.algo={});return e}(Math);return t});
//# sourceMappingURL=core.min.js.map
!function(e,t,i){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=t(require("./core.min"),require("./sha1.min"),require("./hmac.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min","./sha1.min","./hmac.min"],t):t(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return function(){var t=e,i=t.lib,r=i.Base,n=i.WordArray,o=t.algo,a=o.MD5,c=o.EvpKDF=r.extend({cfg:r.extend({keySize:4,hasher:a,iterations:1}),init:function(e){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(e)},compute:function(e,t){for(var i=this.cfg,r=i.hasher.create(),o=n.create(),a=o.words,c=i.keySize,f=i.iterations;a.length<c;){s&&r.update(s);var s=r.update(e).finalize(t);r.reset();for(var u=1;u<f;u++)s=r.finalize(s),r.reset();o.concat(s)}return o.sigBytes=4*c,o}});t.EvpKDF=function(e,t,i){return c.create(i).compute(e,t)}}(),e.EvpKDF});
//# sourceMappingURL=evpkdf.min.js.map
!function(r,e){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=e(require("./core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min"],e):e(r.CryptoJS)}(this,function(r){return function(){function e(r,e,t){for(var n=[],i=0,o=0;o<e;o++)if(o%4){var f=t[r.charCodeAt(o-1)]<<o%4*2,c=t[r.charCodeAt(o)]>>>6-o%4*2;n[i>>>2]|=(f|c)<<24-i%4*8,i++}return a.create(n,i)}var t=r,n=t.lib,a=n.WordArray,i=t.enc;i.Base64={stringify:function(r){var e=r.words,t=r.sigBytes,n=this._map;r.clamp();for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i+=3)for(var o=e[i>>>2]>>>24-i%4*8&255,f=e[i+1>>>2]>>>24-(i+1)%4*8&255,c=e[i+2>>>2]>>>24-(i+2)%4*8&255,s=o<<16|f<<8|c,h=0;h<4&&i+.75*h<t;h++)a.push(n.charAt(s>>>6*(3-h)&63));var p=n.charAt(64);if(p)for(;a.length%4;)a.push(p);return a.join("")},parse:function(r){var t=r.length,n=this._map,a=this._reverseMap;if(!a){a=this._reverseMap=[];for(var i=0;i<n.length;i++)a[n.charCodeAt(i)]=i}var o=n.charAt(64);if(o){var f=r.indexOf(o);f!==-1&&(t=f)}return e(r,t,a)},_map:"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/="}}(),r.enc.Base64});
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//# sourceMappingURL=pad-pkcs7.min.js.map
!function(e,r,i){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=r(require("./core.min"),require("./enc-base64.min"),require("./md5.min"),require("./evpkdf.min"),require("./cipher-core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min","./enc-base64.min","./md5.min","./evpkdf.min","./cipher-core.min"],r):r(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return function(){var r=e,i=r.lib,n=i.BlockCipher,o=r.algo,t=[],c=[],s=[],f=[],a=[],d=[],u=[],v=[],h=[],y=[];!function(){for(var e=[],r=0;r<256;r++)r<128?e[r]=r<<1:e[r]=r<<1^283;for(var i=0,n=0,r=0;r<256;r++){var o=n^n<<1^n<<2^n<<3^n<<4;o=o>>>8^255&o^99,t[i]=o,c[o]=i;var p=e[i],l=e[p],_=e[l],k=257*e[o]^16843008*o;s[i]=k<<24|k>>>8,f[i]=k<<16|k>>>16,a[i]=k<<8|k>>>24,d[i]=k;var k=16843009*_^65537*l^257*p^16843008*i;u[o]=k<<24|k>>>8,v[o]=k<<16|k>>>16,h[o]=k<<8|k>>>24,y[o]=k,i?(i=p^e[e[e[_^p]]],n^=e[e[n]]):i=n=1}}();var p=[0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,27,54],l=o.AES=n.extend({_doReset:function(){if(!this._nRounds||this._keyPriorReset!==this._key){for(var e=this._keyPriorReset=this._key,r=e.words,i=e.sigBytes/4,n=this._nRounds=i+6,o=4*(n+1),c=this._keySchedule=[],s=0;s<o;s++)if(s<i)c[s]=r[s];else{var f=c[s-1];s%i?i>6&&s%i==4&&(f=t[f>>>24]<<24|t[f>>>16&255]<<16|t[f>>>8&255]<<8|t[255&f]):(f=f<<8|f>>>24,f=t[f>>>24]<<24|t[f>>>16&255]<<16|t[f>>>8&255]<<8|t[255&f],f^=p[s/i|0]<<24),c[s]=c[s-i]^f}for(var a=this._invKeySchedule=[],d=0;d<o;d++){var s=o-d;if(d%4)var f=c[s];else var f=c[s-4];d<4||s<=4?a[d]=f:a[d]=u[t[f>>>24]]^v[t[f>>>16&255]]^h[t[f>>>8&255]]^y[t[255&f]]}}},encryptBlock:function(e,r){this._doCryptBlock(e,r,this._keySchedule,s,f,a,d,t)},decryptBlock:function(e,r){var i=e[r+1];e[r+1]=e[r+3],e[r+3]=i,this._doCryptBlock(e,r,this._invKeySchedule,u,v,h,y,c);var i=e[r+1];e[r+1]=e[r+3],e[r+3]=i},_doCryptBlock:function(e,r,i,n,o,t,c,s){for(var f=this._nRounds,a=e[r]^i[0],d=e[r+1]^i[1],u=e[r+2]^i[2],v=e[r+3]^i[3],h=4,y=1;y<f;y++){var p=n[a>>>24]^o[d>>>16&255]^t[u>>>8&255]^c[255&v]^i[h++],l=n[d>>>24]^o[u>>>16&255]^t[v>>>8&255]^c[255&a]^i[h++],_=n[u>>>24]^o[v>>>16&255]^t[a>>>8&255]^c[255&d]^i[h++],k=n[v>>>24]^o[a>>>16&255]^t[d>>>8&255]^c[255&u]^i[h++];a=p,d=l,u=_,v=k}var p=(s[a>>>24]<<24|s[d>>>16&255]<<16|s[u>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&v])^i[h++],l=(s[d>>>24]<<24|s[u>>>16&255]<<16|s[v>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&a])^i[h++],_=(s[u>>>24]<<24|s[v>>>16&255]<<16|s[a>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&d])^i[h++],k=(s[v>>>24]<<24|s[a>>>16&255]<<16|s[d>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&u])^i[h++];e[r]=p,e[r+1]=l,e[r+2]=_,e[r+3]=k},keySize:8});r.AES=n._createHelper(l)}(),e.AES});
//# sourceMappingURL=aes.min.js.map
!function(e,n){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=n(require("./core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min"],n):n(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return e.enc.Utf8});
//# sourceMappingURL=enc-utf8.min.js.map
cryptojs.js
获取后端公钥
<script th:inline="javascript">
//获取后端RSA公钥并存到sessionStorage
sessionStorage.setItem('javaPublicKey', [[${publicKey}]]);
</script>
重写ajax以及生成前端密钥对，因为我们项目中大部分都是使用$.ajax方法，所有重写它比较合适，并且我们只拦截post请求
<script>
//获取前端RSA公钥密码、AES的key，并放到window
let genKeyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
window.jsPublicKey = genKeyPair.publicKey;
window.jsPrivateKey = genKeyPair.privateKey;
/**
* 重写jquery的ajax方法
*/
let _ajax = $.ajax;//首先备份下jquery的ajax方法
$.ajax = function (opt) {
//备份opt中error和success方法
let fn = {
error: function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
},
success: function (data, textStatus) {
}
};
if (opt.error) {
fn.error = opt.error;
}
if (opt.success) {
fn.success = opt.success;
}
//加密再传输
if (opt.type.toLowerCase() === "post") {
let data = opt.data;
//发送请求之前随机获取AES的key
let aesKey = aesUtil.genKey();
data = {
data: aesUtil.encrypt(data, aesKey),//AES加密后的数据
aesKey: rsaUtil.encrypt(aesKey, sessionStorage.getItem('javaPublicKey')),//后端RSA公钥加密后的AES的key
publicKey: window.jsPublicKey//前端公钥
};
opt.data = data;
}
//扩展增强处理
let _opt = $.extend(opt, {
//成功回调方法增强处理
success: function (data, textStatus) {
if (opt.type.toLowerCase() === "post") {
data = aesUtil.decrypt(data.data.data, rsaUtil.decrypt(data.data.aesKey, window.jsPrivateKey));
}
//先获取明文aesKey，再用明文key去解密数据
fn.success(data, textStatus);
}
});
return _ajax(_opt);
};
</script>
head.html
后端代码
两个自定义注解
package cn.huanzi.ims.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Decrypt {
}
Decrypt
package cn.huanzi.ims.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Encrypt {
}
Encrypt
aop扫描所有的controller，拦截带自定义标签的post请求，进行解密、加密再将明文设置回去（如何使用aop？请戳我之前的博客：SpringBoot系列——aop 面向切面）
要注意的是：
1、我们在aop只设置了第一个参数，因此controller方法需要是实体接参且第一个参数就是，所有要求，要么有一个实体Vo参数，要么没有参数；
2、对于返回值，需要是统一的返回值，因为我们目前是按统一的返回值设置值的，例如本例中的Result，是我们约定好的统一返回值（后续升级可以用反射来设置值）；
3、还有一个需要注意的地方，method方法必须是要public修饰的才能设置方法的形参值，private的设置不了；
PS：2019-06-12补充，我们之前在进行jackson序列化和反序列化忘记对date进行处理，导致时间格式错乱，现在补充一下
package cn.huanzi.ims.aspect;
import cn.huanzi.ims.annotation.Decrypt;
import cn.huanzi.ims.annotation.Encrypt;
import cn.huanzi.ims.common.pojo.Result;
import cn.huanzi.ims.util.AesUtil;
import cn.huanzi.ims.util.RsaUtil;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
/**
* AES + RSA 加解密AOP处理
*/
@Aspect
@Component
public class SafetyAspect {
/**
* Pointcut 切入点
* 匹配cn.huanzi.ims.*.controller包下面的所有方法
*/
@Pointcut(value = "execution(public * cn.huanzi.ims.*.controller.*.*(..))")
public void safetyAspect() {
}
/**
* 环绕通知
*/
@Around(value = "safetyAspect()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
try {
ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
assert attributes != null;
//request对象
HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
//http请求方法 post get
String httpMethod = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
//method方法
Method method = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature()).getMethod();
//method方法上面的注解
Annotation[] annotations = method.getAnnotations();
//方法的形参参数
Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();
//是否有@Decrypt
boolean hasDecrypt = false;
//是否有@Encrypt
boolean hasEncrypt = false;
for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
if (annotation.annotationType() == Decrypt.class) {
hasDecrypt = true;
}
if (annotation.annotationType() == Encrypt.class) {
hasEncrypt = true;
}
}
//前端公钥
String publicKey = null;
//jackson
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//jackson 序列化和反序列化 date处理
mapper.setDateFormat( new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
//执行方法之前解密，且只拦截post请求
if ("post".equals(httpMethod) && hasDecrypt) {
//AES加密后的数据
String data = request.getParameter("data");
//后端RSA公钥加密后的AES的key
String aesKey = request.getParameter("aesKey");
//前端公钥
publicKey = request.getParameter("publicKey");
System.out.println("前端公钥：" + publicKey);
//后端私钥解密的到AES的key
byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(Base64.decodeBase64(aesKey), RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
aesKey = new String(plaintext);
System.out.println("解密出来的AES的key：" + aesKey);
//RSA解密出来字符串多一对双引号
aesKey = aesKey.substring(1, aesKey.length() - 1);
//AES解密得到明文data数据
String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(data, aesKey);
System.out.println("解密出来的data数据：" + decrypt);
//设置到方法的形参中，目前只能设置只有一个参数的情况
mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
if(args.length > 0){
args[0] = mapper.readValue(decrypt, args[0].getClass());
}
}
//执行并替换最新形参参数 PS：这里有一个需要注意的地方，method方法必须是要public修饰的才能设置值，private的设置不了
Object o = pjp.proceed(args);
//返回结果之前加密
if (hasEncrypt) {
mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
//每次响应之前随机获取AES的key，加密data数据
String key = AesUtil.getKey();
System.out.println("AES的key：" + key);
String dataString = mapper.writeValueAsString(o);
System.out.println("需要加密的data数据：" + dataString);
String data = AesUtil.encrypt(dataString, key);
//用前端的公钥来解密AES的key，并转成Base64
String aesKey = Base64.encodeBase64String(RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(key.getBytes(), publicKey));
//转json字符串并转成Object对象，设置到Result中并赋值给返回值o
o = Result.of(mapper.readValue("{\"data\":\"" + data + "\",\"aesKey\":\"" + aesKey + "\"}", Object.class));
}
//返回
return o;
} catch (Throwable e) {
System.err.println(pjp.getSignature());
e.printStackTrace();
return Result.of(null, false, "加解密异常：" + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
SafetyAspect.java
在需要进行加密解密的controller方法上加自定义注解，需要加密@Encrypt，需要解密@Decrypt，两个都有就两个都加
/**
* 登录
*/
@PostMapping("login")
@Decrypt
@Encrypt
public Result<ImsUserVo> login(ImsUserVo userVo, HttpServletResponse response)
到这里就准备好了，可以发现除了要在需要进行加密解密的controller方法上加自定义注解，根本不需要对之前的代码进行修改，也不影响之前的业务，当然，因为我们直接重写了$.ajax方法，所以我们需要对所有的post请求的controller都加注解，好在我们用的是单表继承通用common、自动生成单表基础增、删、改、查接口（详情请戳：SpringBoot系列——Spring-Data-JPA（究极进化版） 自动生成单表基础增、删、改、查接口），基础的API我们只需要在common的controller加注解就好了，自定义controller跟重写的controller也要记得加，接下来就可以把项目跑起来进行测试
效果演示
未加密之前的效果
数据直接暴露在http数据包中
AES与RSA混合加密之后的效果
http数据包中传输的是密文
解密之后才能看到明文数据
到这里我们实现了加解密与项目的结合，如果项目已经是按照我前面说的约定的话，即插即用，不影响项目原有业务，直接可以使用这一套，把我的代码拿过去就可以跑起来
后记
前后端API交互数据加密——AES与RSA混合加密完整实例先记录到这里，后续有空再更新升级，虽然说没有绝对的安全，但加密总比不加密的要好，整篇文章从头看起来也没什么，比较简单，实际上...中间踩了很多坑，心酸血泪史就不在这里阐述了，希望这篇博客能帮到你
2019-09-24补充：完成这个混合加密后不久，我试着将它应用在websocket中，而后就有了另一篇文章，感兴趣的可以移步前往阅读《WebSocket数据加密——AES与RSA混合加密》
代码开源
2019-09-24补充：混合加密的代码一直嵌在ims项目里没有整理出来，而且ims还没完工尚未开源出来，好在前段时间我开源的一个简单通用的后台管理系统，Base Admin（开源一套简单通用的后台管理系统），里面整合了这套API混合加密，大家前往这个项目查看这套API混合加密代码
代码已经开源、托管到我的GitHub、码云：