问题
I am trying to configure SQL Server 2014 so that I can connect to it remotely using SSL. A valid, wildcard cert is installed on the server, and the cert's domain name (example.com) matches the server's FQDN (test.windows-server-test.example.com).
The problem is that in SQL Server Configuration Manager, the certificate is not listed, so I cannot select it.
That is, I am stuck on step 2.e.2 from this MS tutorial.
回答1:
After communication in comments I can suppose that your main problem is the CN part of the certificate which you use. To have successful TLS communication for IIS Server one have no such strong restrictions like SQL Server has.
Microsoft require (see here) that The name of the certificate must be the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the computer. It means that the Subject part of the certificate looks like CN = test.widows-server-test.example.com, where test.widows-server-test.example.com is the FQDN of your computer. It's not enough that you use for example CN = *.example.com and Subject Alternative Name, which contains DNS Name=*.example.com and DNS Name=test.widows-server-test.example.com, DNS Name=test1.widows-server-test.example.com, DNS Name=test.widows-server-test2.example.com and so on. Such certificate will be OK for TLS, but SQL Server will discard it. See the article, which describes close problems.
I recommend you to create self-signed certificate with CN equal to FQDN of the SQL Server and to verify that the certificate will be seen by SQL Server Configuration Manager.
UPDATED: I analysed the problem a little more with respect of Process Monitor and found out that two values in Registry are important for SQL Server Configuration Manager: the values Hostname and Domain under the key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters
If I change Domain and Hostname to the values which corresponds CN of the certificate then the certificate will be already displayed in the SQL Server Configuration Manager. It could be not all problems, but it shows that SQL Server required much more as a web server (IIS for example).
UPDATED 2: I examined the problem once more in details and I think I did found the way how one can configure common SSL certificate which you already have (for example free SSL certificated from Let's Encrypt, StartSSL or some other).
It's important to distinguished what do SQL Server Configuration Manager from the configuration required by SQL Server. The Certificate tab of the properties of the Configuration Manager have more hard restrictions as SQL Server. I describe above only the restrictions of SQL Server Configuration Manager, but one can make configuration directly in the Registry to use more common SSL/TLS Certificate by SQL Server. I describe below how one can do this.
What one need to do one can in the Registry under the key like HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.SQL2014\MSSQLServer\SuperSocketNetLib, where the part MSSQL12.SQL2014 can be a little different in your case. The SQL Server Configuration Manager help us to set two values in the registry: ForceEncryption and Certificate:
The Certificate value is SHA1 hash which can be found by examining the properties of the certificate:
or extended properties of the certificate, which you see by usage certutil.exe -store My:
One need just copy the "Cert Hash(sha1)" value, remove all spaces and to place as the value of Certificate value in the Registry. After making the settings and restarting SQL Server windows service one will see in file ERRORLOG in C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\...\MSSQL\Log directory the line like
2016-04-25 21:44:25.89 Server The certificate [Cert Hash(sha1) "C261A7C38759A5AD96AC258B62A308A26DB525AA"] was successfully loaded for encryption.
回答2:
I want to add this for future folks that may stumble on a similar issue I encountered with SQL 2016 SP2 and failover cluster. The certificate thumbprint added to the registry had to be all upper case.
Hope this helps the next guy.
回答3:
Once I followed steps in Updated 2 section of accepted answer, I can't start the SQL Server service, got those errors in Event Viewer:
Unable to load user-specified certificate [Cert Hash(sha1) "thumbprint of certificate"]. The server will not accept a connection. You should verify that the certificate is correctly installed. See "Configuring Certificate for Use by SSL" in Books Online.
TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x80092004, status code 0x80. Reason: Unable to initialize SSL support. Cannot find object or property.
TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x80092004, status code 0x1. Reason: Initialization failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. Cannot find object or property.
got error in SQL Server error log:
The server could not load the certificate it needs to initiate an SSL connection. It returned the following error: 0x8009030d. Check certificates to make sure they are valid.
googled it and found out a solution:
Make sure the windows account running SQL Server service (NT Service\MSSQLServer in my case) has full permissions to the following folders/register entry:
- C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server[Your Sql Server Instance]\MSSQL\
- C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys
- HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WinSock2\Parameters
I checked No.1 NT Service\MSSQLSERVER has already had the permission.
I checked No.2, NT Service\MSSQLSERVER has no permission and I added the permission. It popped up an error saying one of files in that folder was denied the operation, but I just ignored it (nothing else I can do)
I didn't check No.3 and tried starting SQL Server, it worked!!
回答4:
I logged on to the server with SQL Server domain account( had to add the account to local admins temporarily) and imported the certificate in personal folder of the SQL Server service account. rebooted the server, and then SQL Server could see the certificate. Hope it helps someone.
回答5:
An additional failure mode is key length - SQL requires a minimum keylength of 2048. With DH channel disabled.
回答6:
I have also run into an issue copying out of the MMC as detailed in the article here. Using the certutil and copying that into the registry value worked perfectly.
回答7:
I faced similar issue in SSRS, wherein certificate issued by microsoft active directory CA was not visible in the dropdown in SSRS. After lot of searches, trial and error I could fix it by following this link.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/sqlserverfaq/can-tls-certificate-be-used-for-sql-server-encryption-on-the-wire
Brief of it is as below: The Subject property of the certificate must indicate that the common name (CN) is the same as the host name or fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the server computer.
So in our case we suggested to request the Certificate Authority to change the Subject name to ABC-SQLServer.abc.local (FQDN of SQL Server) instead of abc-corp.abc.com Once this change was done, we loaded certificate again in MMC and now we could see the certificate loaded in SQL Server Configuration Manager!
Hope it helps someone facing same issue!
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36817627/ssl-certificate-missing-from-dropdown-in-sql-server-configuration-manager