第十届蓝桥杯大赛软件类省赛 JAVA 大学 A 组

迷宫

本题总分：10 分

【问题描述】

下图给出了一个迷宫的平面图，其中标记为 1 的为障碍，标记为 0 的为可

以通行的地方。

010000

000100

001001

110000

迷宫的入口为左上角，出口为右下角，在迷宫中，只能从一个位置走到这

个它的上、下、左、右四个方向之一。

对于上面的迷宫，从入口开始，可以按DRRURRDDDR 的顺序通过迷宫，

一共 10 步。其中 D、U、L、R 分别表示向下、向上、向左、向右走。

对于下面这个更复杂的迷宫（30 行 50 列），请找出一种通过迷宫的方式，

其使用的步数最少，在步数最少的前提下，请找出字典序最小的一个作为答案。

请注意在字典序中D<l<r<u< span="">。（如果你把以下文字复制到文本文件中，请务

必检查复制的内容是否与文档中的一致。在试题目录下有一个文件 maze.txt，

内容与下面的文本相同）

01010101001011001001010110010110100100001000101010

00001000100000101010010000100000001001100110100101

01111011010010001000001101001011100011000000010000

01000000001010100011010000101000001010101011001011

00011111000000101000010010100010100000101100000000

11001000110101000010101100011010011010101011110111

00011011010101001001001010000001000101001110000000

10100000101000100110101010111110011000010000111010

00111000001010100001100010000001000101001100001001

11000110100001110010001001010101010101010001101000

00010000100100000101001010101110100010101010000101

11100100101001001000010000010101010100100100010100

00000010000000101011001111010001100000101010100011

10101010011100001000011000010110011110110100001000

10101010100001101010100101000010100000111011101001

10000000101100010000101100101101001011100000000100

10101001000000010100100001000100000100011110101001

00101001010101101001010100011010101101110000110101

11001010000100001100000010100101000001000111000010

00001000110000110101101000000100101001001000011101

10100101000101000000001110110010110101101010100001

00101000010000110101010000100010001001000100010101

10100001000110010001000010101001010101011111010010

00000100101000000110010100101001000001000000000010

11010000001001110111001001000011101001011011101000

00000110100010001000100000001000011101000000110011

10101000101000100010001111100010101001010000001000

10000010100101001010110000000100101010001011101000

00111100001000010000000110111000000001000000001011

10000001100111010111010001000110111010101101111000

【答案提交】

这是一道结果填空的题，你只需要算出结果后提交即可。本题的结果为一

个字符串，包含四种字母 D、U、L、R，在提交答案时只填写这个字符串，填

写多余的内容将无法得分。

package 迷宫;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    static char[][] maze;
    static boolean[][] visit;
    static int N,M;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
        PrintStream ps=new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("ans.txt"));  //文件输出
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.setOut(ps);
        N = sc.nextInt();//4
        M = sc.nextInt();//6
        sc.nextLine();
        maze = new char[M][N];
        visit = new boolean[M][N];
        String s;
        int i = 0;
        while(i < N) {
            s = sc.nextLine();
            char[] carr = s.toCharArray();
            for(int j = 0; j < carr.length; j++) {
                maze[j][i] = carr[j];
                visit[j][i] = false;
            }
            i++;
        }
        //System.out.println(X+ " " + Y + " " + check(5,3));
        node gate = bfs();
        //System.out.println(gate);
        char[] res = new char[gate.step];
        int x = gate.x;
        int y = gate.y;
        for(i = gate.step-1; i >= 0; i--) {
            node cur = gate.last;
            x = gate.x;
            y = gate.y;
            if(cur.x-x == 1) { //1,2   0,2
                res[i] = 'L';    
            }else if(cur.x-x == -1) {
                res[i] = 'R';
            }else if(cur.y-y == 1) {//1,2   1,1
                res[i] = 'U';
            }else if(cur.y-y == -1) {
                res[i] = 'D';
            }
            gate = gate.last;
        }    
        
        for(char c : res) {
            System.out.print(c);
        }
        /*for(char[] m : maze) {
            for(char n : m) {
                System.out.print(n);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }*/
        sc.close();
    }
    static int[][] dir = {{0,-1},{-1,0},{1,0},{0,1}};
    public static node bfs() {
        Queue<node> q = new LinkedList<>();
        node star = new node();
        star.x = 0;
        star.y = 0;
        visit[star.x][star.y] = true;
        q.add(star);
        while(!q.isEmpty()) {
            //System.out.println(q.peek().x + " " + q.peek().y);
            int lx = q.peek().x;
            int ly = q.peek().y;
            if(lx == M-1 && ly == N-1){
                System.out.println(q.peek().step);
                return q.peek();
            }
            for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                int x = lx + dir[i][0];
                int y = ly + dir[i][1];
                //System.out.print(" " + x + " " + y + " " + check(x,y));
                if(check(x,y) && !visit[x][y] && maze[x][y] == '0') {
                    //System.out.println("put "+x+ " " + y);
                    node tmp = new node();
                    tmp.last = q.peek();
                    tmp.x = x;
                    tmp.y = y;
                    tmp.step = q.peek().step+1;
                    visit[x][y] = true;
                    q.add(tmp);
                }
            }
            q.poll();
        }
        return null;
    }
    public static boolean check(int x, int y) {
        if(x >= 0 && x < M && y >= 0 && y < N)
            return true;
        return false;
    }
}
class node{
    node last;
    int step = 0;
    int x,y;
}

 

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4321737/blog/3530073