问题
Is there any way to get an AppleScript to access the menu items that come up when you right click on a dock icon?
Specifically, here's what I want to do:
I use Google Chrome as my web browser on MacOS X Snow Leopard. I am a keyboard shortcut addict, and I use QuickSilver to create keyboard shortcuts for anything I can. One of the most common things that I do is to open a new web browser window. But I use Spaces frequently to partition my tasks that I am currently working on, and when I open a web browser or web page with a QuickSilver trigger, spaces switches to the last space that I used Chrome on and opens a new tab, which often distracts me for hours because it brings me to a different space and thus a different task. I can fix this by right-clicking on the Google Chrome icon and clicking the "New Window" option, which opens a new window on the current space. But in AppleScript, to do anything with Google Chrome, the first thing I have to do is activate it, which brings me back to the original problem! Can anyone think of a solution to this problem, AppleScript or otherwise? It has become a serious problem. Back when I used Firefox, I solved the problem by changing a preference item that says "Always open pop-up links in a new window" or something like that, which was kind of a sledge hammer approach, but it worked. I can always go back to Firefox, but I thought I'd ask my question here first. Anyone with any ideas?
回答1:
Not sure if you are still interested but...
tell application "Dock"
activate
end tell
tell application "System Events"
tell process "Dock"
set frontmost to true
activate
tell list 1
perform action "AXShowMenu" of UI element "Google Chrome"
delay 1
repeat 4 times -- count number of items to the one you want
key code 126 -- up arrow
-- key code 125 -- down arrow
end repeat
delay 1
repeat 2 times
key code 36 -- return key
end repeat
end tell
end tell
end tell
回答2:
For anyone who is interested, I think I've got a reasonable working solution to this problem, but it doesn't involve right-clicking on dock icons.
First, you have to uncheck "When switching to an application, switch to a space with open windows for the application" in the Spaces preference pane of System Preferences. Then I wrote the following AppleScript:
tell application "Google Chrome" to activate
tell application "System Events"
tell process "Google Chrome"
try
set var to get name of window 1
on error
set var to "no window exists!!!"
end try
end tell
end tell
if var is "no window exists!!!" then
tell application "System Events"
tell process "Google Chrome"
click menu item "New Window" of menu "File" of menu bar 1
end tell
end tell
else
tell application "System Events"
tell process "Google Chrome"
click menu item "New Tab" of menu "File" of menu bar 1
end tell
end tell
end if
I launch this AppleScript using Spark, which allows me to assign a shortcut key to it.
It's a little bit slow, particularly when the system is under a load, but usually doesn't take longer than a second or so to run. It also avoids the problem I was having with Firefox, where I would end up with dozens of windows open at the end of the day.
回答3:
The Chromium nightly builds now contain AppleScript support, and this should make it into Chrome before long. It means you can now do:
tell application "Chromium"
make new window
activate
end tell
回答4:
Alternatively you could also invoke this hidden option:
defaults write com.apple.dock workspaces-auto-swoosh -bool NO
killall Dock
It also has the, for me, positive effect that you aren't thrown around on desktops anymore when switching applications. Simply do Cmd+N with Chrome as the active app.
Btw you can go to spaces directly with Fn+1, Fn+2 etc. if you set it up instead of ⌃1, ⌃2 etc. You have to make the spaces before the keyboard shortcuts can be set in Keyboard -> Shortcuts preferences.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2819807/accessing-dock-icon-right-click-menu-items-with-applescript