                                                                           基于stm32f103c8t6浊度计

前言

本次设计的基于stm32f103c8t6浊度计主要由硬件部分加软件部分组成
硬件部分主要是IR333光源发射部分+红外接收管光源接受部分+放大电路+stm32f103c8t6主控芯片+lcd1602显示模块组成
软件部分主要是通过stm32cubemx配置管脚之后添加adc通道函数、lcd1602写命令函数、lcd1602读数据函数等生成的

一、硬件部分

发射接收及放大电路硬件部分：
在这里插入图片描述
LCD102显示硬件部分：

其中最主要的是信号放大电路，由于红外接收管接受的光信号过小，所以在他输入ad转换器之前必须进行信号的放大放大芯片可以选用LM324，部分仿真图如下图所示：

二、软件部分（主要函数块及总代码）

1.主函数部分

int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 /
/
MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();

/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

/* USER CODE END Init */

/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();

/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

/* USER CODE END SysInit */

/* Initialize all configured peripherals /
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_DMA_Init();
MX_ADC1_Init();
/

USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);
HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1,ADC_ConvertedValue,1);


HAL_Delay(400);  //延时400ms,等液晶稳定

Lcd_Init(); // 液晶初始化函数*，设置液晶的工作模式*
unsigned char IN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x44,0x69,0x67,0x69,
0x74,0x61,0x6c,0x3a};

unsigned char UN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x41,0x6e,0x61,0x6c,
0x6f,0x67,0x3a,0x20};
//uint8_t num[10] = {0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39}; //0-9
/* USER CODE END 2 */

/* Infinite loop /
/
USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
unsigned char i;
unsigned int tmp;
for(i=0;i<12;i++)
{
Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+i,1) ; //定位
Lcd_Write_Data((IN[0+i])); //写显示数据
HAL_Delay(1); //延时10ms
}
for(i=0;i<11;i++)
{
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+i,1) ; //定位
Lcd_Write_Data(UN[0+i]); //写显示数据
HAL_Delay(1); //延时10ms
}

while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */

/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */  
 Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+12,1);//Lcd_Write_Command(0x92,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(ADC_ConvertedValue[0]/1000+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+13,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%1000)/100+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+14,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%100)/10+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+15,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%10+0x30);

tmp=(unsigned int)(ADC_ConvertedValue[0]3.31000/4095);
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+11,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(tmp/1000+0x30);
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+13,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((tmp%1000)/100+0x30);
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+12,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(0x2e);
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+14,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((tmp%100)/10+0x30);
Lcd_Write_Command(0xc0+15,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(tmp%10+0x30);
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

2.1602显示字符代码

unsigned char IN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x44,0x69,0x67,0x69,
0x74,0x61,0x6c,0x3a};

unsigned char UN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x41,0x6e,0x61,0x6c,
0x6f,0x67,0x3a,0x20};
//uint8_t num[10] = {0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39}; //0-9
/* USER CODE END 2 */

3.1602初始化函数

void Lcd_Init( void ) //初始化
{
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x38,1); //显示模式设置
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x01,1); //显示清屏
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x06,1); //显示光标移动设置
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x0C,1); //显示开、光标不显示
}

4.使能脉冲函数

void Lcd_En_Toggle(void) //发使能脉冲，液晶使能管脚拉高再拉低，产生上升沿，将数据线LCD_D0_Pin- LCD_D7_Pin的电平数据，写入44780芯片
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD1602_E_GPIO_Port,LCD1602_E_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//LCD1602_E_Pin管脚拉高
HAL_Delay(5); //延时5ms
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD1602_E_GPIO_Port,LCD1602_E_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET); //LCD1602_E_Pin管脚拉低
}

5.测忙函数

void Lcd_Busy(void)//判断液晶是否忙，不忙才能往里面写数据
{
unsigned int later0=0;//判断是否忙的等待计数器
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};//以下7句话将 LCD_D7_Pin管脚置为输入模式；该管脚是判断忙与否的管脚
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LCD_D7_Pin ;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
CLE_RS; HAL_Delay(1); //RS = 0，延时1ms
SET_RW; HAL_Delay(1);//RW = 1 ，延时1ms
SET_EN; HAL_Delay(1); // EN = 1，延时1ms
while ((HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,LCD_D7_Pin))&&(later0<10)) //循环等待忙检测端口 = 0；或者等10毫秒再退出，避免永远等待
{
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
later0++;
}
CLE_EN; //EN = 0
//恢复 LCD_D7_Pin管脚为输出状态
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LCD_D7_Pin ;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP ;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

6.端口置入函数

void Gpio_data(unsigned char x) //LCD_D0_Pin- LCD_D7_Pin端口置入8位数据x
{
//第一步，将8个管脚都设置为0
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D0_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D1_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D2_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D3_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D4_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D5_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D6_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D7_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
//第二步，8个管脚都设置为x的各个位
if(x&0X01)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D0_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB0，设置最低位
if(x&0X02)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D1_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB1
if(x&0X04)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D2_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB2
if(x&0X08)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D3_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB3
if(x&0X10)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D4_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB4
if(x&0X20)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D5_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB5
if(x&0X40)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D6_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB6
if(x&0X80)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,LCD_D7_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);//DB7//设置为最高位
}

6.写入命令函数

void Lcd_Write_Command(unsigned char x,char Busy)
{
if(Busy) Lcd_Busy();
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RS; //RS = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RW; //RW = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Gpio_data(x); //端口置入数据
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_En_Toggle(); //发使能脉冲
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
}

6.写入数据函数

void Lcd_Write_Data( unsigned char x) //向液晶里面写入数据
{
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
SET_RS; //RS = 1
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RW; //RW = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Gpio_data(x);
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_En_Toggle(); //发使能脉冲
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
}

7.总代码

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header /
/
*

@file : main.c
@brief : Main program body

@attention
© Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.
All rights reserved.
This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
the “License”; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:

                   opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause

/
/
USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include “main.h”

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------/
/
USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------/
/
USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------/
/
USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------/
/
USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------/
ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc1;
DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_adc1;
/

USER CODE BEGIN PV /
uint32_t ADC_ConvertedValue[1];
/

USER CODE END PV /
/
Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_DMA_Init(void);
static void MX_ADC1_Init(void);
/

USER CODE BEGIN PFP /
void Lcd_Init(void) ;//液晶初始化函数
void Lcd_En_Toggle(void);//液晶使能管脚拉低再拉高，将数据写入44780芯片
void Lcd_Busy(void);//判断液晶是否忙；不忙的时候才能往里面写数据
void Gpio_data(unsigned char x);//设置8位的数据线的值；
void Lcd_Write_Command(unsigned char x,char Busy);//写命令，主要用于设置显示模式
void Lcd_Write_Data( unsigned char x);
/

USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------/
/
USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
void Lcd_Init( void ) //初始化
{
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x38,1); //显示模式设置
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x01,1); //显示清屏
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x06,1); //显示光标移动设置
Lcd_Write_Command( 0x0C,1); //显示开、光标不显示
}

//向液晶里面写入指令时序：RS=L,RW=L,Data0-Data7=指令码，E=高脉冲
void Lcd_Write_Command(unsigned char x,char Busy)
{
if(Busy) Lcd_Busy();
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RS; //RS = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RW; //RW = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Gpio_data(x); //端口置入数据
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_En_Toggle(); //发使能脉冲
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
}
//向液晶里面写入数据时序：RS=H,RW=L,Data0-Data7=指令码，E=高脉冲
void Lcd_Write_Data( unsigned char x) //向液晶里面写入数据
{
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
SET_RS; //RS = 1
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
CLE_RW; //RW = 0
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Gpio_data(x);
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_En_Toggle(); //发使能脉冲
HAL_Delay(1); //延时1ms
Lcd_Busy(); //测忙
}

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**

@brief The application entry point.
@retval int
/
int main(void)
{
/

USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 /
/
MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();

/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

/* USER CODE END Init */

/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();

/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

/* USER CODE END SysInit */

/* Initialize all configured peripherals /
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_DMA_Init();
MX_ADC1_Init();
/

USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);
HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1,ADC_ConvertedValue,1);


HAL_Delay(400);  //延时400ms,等液晶稳定

Lcd_Init(); // 液晶初始化函数*，设置液晶的工作模式*
unsigned char IN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x44,0x69,0x67,0x69,
0x74,0x61,0x6c,0x3a};

unsigned char UN[]={0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x41,0x6e,0x61,0x6c,
0x6f,0x67,0x3a,0x20};
//uint8_t num[10] = {0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39}; //0-9
/* USER CODE END 2 */

while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */

/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */  
 Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+12,1);//Lcd_Write_Command(0x92,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(ADC_ConvertedValue[0]/1000+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+13,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%1000)/100+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+14,1);
Lcd_Write_Data((ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%100)/10+0x30);
  Lcd_Write_Command(0x80+15,1);
Lcd_Write_Data(ADC_ConvertedValue[0]%10+0x30);

/**

@brief System Clock Configuration
@retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};

/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL6;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/

* Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;
PeriphClkInit.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCPCLK2_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}

/**

@brief ADC1 Initialization Function
@param None
@retval None
*/
static void MX_ADC1_Init(void)
{

/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 0 */

/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 0 */

ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

/* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 1 */

/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 1 /
/
* Common config
/
hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
hadc1.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
hadc1.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/

* Configure Regular Channel
/
sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_1;
sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/

USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 2 */

/* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 2 */

}

/**

Enable DMA controller clock
*/
static void MX_DMA_Init(void)
{

/* DMA controller clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();

/* DMA interrupt init /
/
DMA1_Channel1_IRQn interrupt configuration */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA1_Channel1_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA1_Channel1_IRQn);

}

/**

@brief GPIO Initialization Function
@param None
@retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, LCD1602_E_Pin|LCD1602_RS_Pin|LCD1602_RW_Pin|LCD_D2_Pin
|LCD_D3_Pin|LCD_D4_Pin|LCD_D5_Pin|LCD_D6_Pin
|LCD_D7_Pin|LCD_D0_Pin|LCD_D1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

/*Configure GPIO pin : PA0 */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

/*Configure GPIO pins : LCD1602_E_Pin LCD1602_RS_Pin LCD1602_RW_Pin LCD_D2_Pin
LCD_D3_Pin LCD_D4_Pin LCD_D5_Pin LCD_D6_Pin
LCD_D7_Pin LCD_D0_Pin LCD_D1_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LCD1602_E_Pin|LCD1602_RS_Pin|LCD1602_RW_Pin|LCD_D2_Pin
|LCD_D3_Pin|LCD_D4_Pin|LCD_D5_Pin|LCD_D6_Pin
|LCD_D7_Pin|LCD_D0_Pin|LCD_D1_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**

@brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
@retval None
/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/

USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug /
/
User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */

/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**

@brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number

    where the assert_param error has occurred.

@param file: pointer to the source file name
@param line: assert_param error line source number
@retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t file, uint32_t line)
{
/

USER CODE BEGIN 6 /
/
User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf(“Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n”, file, line) /
/
USER CODE END 6 /
}
#endif /

USE_FULL_ASSERT */

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4410837/blog/4574555

标签

db2

clause

Entry

MUL

基于stm32f103c8t6浊度计

前言

一、硬件部分

二、软件部分（主要函数块及总代码）

1.主函数部分

2.1602显示字符代码

3.1602初始化函数

4.使能脉冲函数

5.测忙函数

6.端口置入函数

6.写入命令函数

6.写入数据函数

7.总代码

© Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.