Spring Boot 整合Swagger 2文档

蓝咒 提交于 2020-08-15 07:35:36

在实际开发过程中,前后端分离后,那么势必存在如何在多人协作中共享和及时更新API开发接口文档的问题,维护接口文档就变成了必不可少的工作,在初期开发的时候接口一直处在变化中,每次接口更新,都要去单独维护接口文档,做过的老铁都知道这是一件多么令人脑瓜子疼得事。使用swagger2集成文档,有多个优势:

  1. 功能丰富 :支持多种注解,自动生成接口文档界面,支持在界面测试API接口功能;
  2. 及时更新 :开发过程中养成写注释的习惯,就可以及时的更新API文档;
  3. 整合简单 :通过添加pom依赖和简单配置,内嵌于应用中就可同时发布API接口文档界面,不需要部署独立服务。

引入依赖

首先是创建一个Spring Boot项目,引入web依赖,引入swagger2相关的依赖,如下:

web依赖

  <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>

 swagger2依赖

   <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>

 添加配置类

添加一个swagger2 配置类,在项目下新建 config 包并添加一个 Swagger2Config 配置类。

Swagger2Config.java:

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2Config {
    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.example.demo"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build().apiInfo(new ApiInfoBuilder()
                        .title("SpringBoot整合Swagger")
                        .description("SpringBoot整合Swagger2")
                        .version("1.0")
                        .contact(new Contact("demo","demo","demo"))
                        .build());
    }
}

 

运行项目,输入http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html,能够看到如下页面,说明已经配置成功了: 

 

常用注解说明

swagger 通过注解接口生成文档,包括接口名,请求方法,参数,返回信息等。

@Api: 修饰整个类,用于controller类上

@ApiOperation: 描述一个接口,用户controller方法上

@ApiParam: 单个参数描述

@ApiModel: 用来对象接收参数,即返回对象

@ApiModelProperty: 对象接收参数时,描述对象的字段

@ApiResponse: Http响应其中的描述,在ApiResonse中

@ApiResponses: Http响应所有的描述,用在

@ApiIgnore: 忽略这个API

@ApiImplicitParam: 一个请求参数

@ApiImplicitParam: 多个请求参数

更多使用说明,参考 Swagger 使用手册

添加控制器

添加一个控制器,在项目下新建 controller包并添加一个 UserController控制器。

UserController.java:

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.entity.Response;
import com.example.demo.entity.ResponseResult;
import com.example.demo.entity.User;
import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.RETURN;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/* 类注解 */
@Api(value = "用户信息")
@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    UserService service;
    /* 方法注解 */
    @ApiOperation(value = "获取用户信息")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserItem",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseResult<User> getUserItem(){
        try {
            User user = service.getUserInfo();
            String[] arr= new String[]{"测试"};
            return  Response.makeOKRsp(user);
        }catch (Exception e)
        {
            return  Response.makeErrRsp("查询用户信息异常");
        }
    }

    @ApiOperation("根据id查询用户的接口")
    /* 参数注解 */
    @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户id", defaultValue = "00", required = true)
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseResult<User> getUserById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        User user = service.getUserInfo();
        return  Response.makeOKRsp(user);
    }

    @ApiOperation(value = "获取用户字符串")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/getStr",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getStr()
    {
        return  service.getStr();
    }
}

如果参数是一个对象,或者返回的是对象,注解如下:

 User.java:

package com.example.demo.entity;

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;

@ApiModel
public class User {
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名称")
   public String name;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户密码")
   public int password;
    public String getName(){
        return  name;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getPassword(){
        return  password;
    }

    public void setPassword(int password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return "user{name='"+name+"\',"+"password="+password+"}";
    }
}

 

运行项目,查看swagger2文档:http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html

 

 

 

添加请求头验证参数 

在实际项目开发中,比如采取token验证逻辑的往往在接口请求时需要把token也一起传入后端,修改Swagger2Config配置类。

Swagger2Config.java:

package com.example.demo.config;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ParameterBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.schema.ModelRef;
import springfox.documentation.service.*;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spi.service.contexts.SecurityContext;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class Swagger2Config {
    private static final String DESCRIPTION = "测试java api";

    @Bean
    public Docket api(){
        //添加head参数start
        ParameterBuilder tokenPar = new ParameterBuilder();
        List<Parameter> pars = new ArrayList<>();
        tokenPar
                .name("Content-Type")
                .description("请求类型")
                .modelRef(new ModelRef("string"))
                .parameterType("header")
                .required(false)
                .defaultValue("application/json; charset=UTF-8")
                .build();
        pars.add(tokenPar.build());
        //添加head参数end


        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.any())
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.example.demo"))
               // .paths(PathSelectors.regex("/api/.*"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build()
                .globalOperationParameters(pars)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .securitySchemes(securitySchemes())
                .securityContexts(securityContexts())
                ;
    }

    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("SpringBoot整合Swagger")
                .description(DESCRIPTION)
                .version("1.0")
                .license("许可证")
                .licenseUrl("许可证URL")

                .termsOfServiceUrl("服务条款URL")

                // 联系人
                .contact(new Contact("curtain", "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27462223", "0000"))

                .extensions(Arrays.asList(new StringVendorExtension("VE-Name", "VE-Value")))

                .build();
    }

    private List<ApiKey> securitySchemes() {
        return Lists.newArrayList(
                new ApiKey("Authorization", "Authorization", "header"));
    }

    private List<SecurityContext> securityContexts() {
        return Lists.newArrayList(
                SecurityContext.builder()
                        .securityReferences(defaultAuth())
                        .forPaths(PathSelectors.regex("^(?!auth).*$"))
                        .build()
        );
    }

    List<SecurityReference> defaultAuth() {
        AuthorizationScope authorizationScope = new AuthorizationScope("global", "accessEverything");
        AuthorizationScope[] authorizationScopes = new AuthorizationScope[1];
        authorizationScopes[0] = authorizationScope;
        return Lists.newArrayList(
                new SecurityReference("Authorization", authorizationScopes));
    }
}

 运行项目,查看文档:

 

Security中的配置 

如果我们的Spring Boot项目中集成了Spring Security,那么如果不做额外配置,Swagger2文档可能会被拦截,此时只需要在Spring Security的配置类中重写configure方法,添加如下过滤即可:

@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
    web.ignoring()
            .antMatchers("/swagger-ui.html")
            .antMatchers("/v2/**")
            .antMatchers("/swagger-resources/**");
}

小结

到这里Spring Boot 接入swagger2就已经完成了,当然,除了这些之外,还有一些其它的注解,都比较简单,老铁们可以自己摸索下,更多使用说明,参考 Swagger 使用手册。下次再见。

源码:https://github.com/LeeCurtain/demo.git

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