Pytest 单元测试框架

1、pytest 是 python 的第三方单元测试框架，比自带 unittest 更简洁和高效

2、安装 pytest

pip install pytest

3、验证 pytest 是否安装成功

pip show pytest

4、使用 pytest 执行测试需要遵行的规则

.py 测试文件必须以 test_ 开头（或者以 _test 结尾）
测试类必须以 Test 开头，并且不能有 init 方法
测试方法必须以 test_ 开头
断言必须使用 assert，pytest 中没有自带的断言方法

5、实例讲解

demo1
- demo1 发现结果中没有用例的执行打印结果

# test_demo.py

import pytest

def test_01():
    print("test_01")

def test_02():
    print("test_02")

def test_03():
    print("test_03")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main()

# 结果如下
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\work_doc\CodeFile\practice\pytest_demo
plugins: html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0
collected 3 items

test_demo1.py ...                                                        [100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.05s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0

demo2
- demo2 中在 main() 中加入 ["-s"]，结果中就可以展示打印结果

import pytest

def test_01():
    print("test_01")

def test_02():
    print("test_02")

def test_03():
    print("test_03")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(["-s"])    # 在 main() 中加入 ["-s"] 

# 结果如下
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\work_doc\CodeFile\practice\pytest_demo
plugins: html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0
collected 3 items

test_demo1.py test_01
.test_02
.test_03
.
============================== 3 passed in 0.02s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0

demo3
- 运行指定的用例文件

# test_demo1.py

def test_01():
    print("test_01")

def test_02():
    print("test_02")

def test_03():
    print("test_03")

# run_all.py

import pytest

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(["D:/test_demo1.py"])

# 结果如下
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\
plugins: html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0
collected 3 items

test_demo1.py ...                                                        [100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.01s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0

# demo1/test_demo1.py　　demo1 目录下的 test_demo1.py 文件

def test_01():
    print("test_01")

def test_02():
    print("test_02")

def test_03():
    print("test_03")

# demo2/test_demo2.py　　demo2 目录下的 test_demo2.py 文件

def test_04():
    print("test_04")

def test_05():
    print("test_05")

def test_06():
    print("test_06")

import pytest

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(["D:/demo1"，"D:/demo2"])    # 指定 D:/demo1 和 D:/demo2 目录

# 结果如下
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-5.4.2, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:
plugins: html-2.1.1, metadata-1.9.0
collected 6 items

demo1\test_demo1.py ...                                                  [ 50%]
demo2\test_demo2.py ...                                                  [100%]
============================== 6 passed in 0.04s ==============================
Process finished with exit code 0

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4266314/blog/4277143

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TestDemo