How to compare strings containing a square bracket in Bash

问题

I am searching for a comparison with square brackes in bash.

Situation: I have a hosts file that contains hostnames that looks like

[debian]
ansible
host
names

[centos]
more
hosts

now I want to scan all host's ssh keys (first echo, later use ssh-keyscan):

while read hostName
do
  if [[ $hostName != "" ]] &&  [[ $hostName != "\[*" ]] ; then
    echo $hostName
    #ssh-keyscan $hostName
  fi
done < hosts

while [[ $hostName != "" ]] does it's job the part containing the comparison for square brackets [[ $hostName != "\[*" ]] does not. Atm the result looks like this:

[debian]
ansible
host
names
[centos]
more
hosts

I want it to look like:

ansible
host
names
more
hosts

While e.g. How to compare strings in Bash covers the general topic, it does not cover my question. Also I'd like to avoid using sed or other string replacement methods before I can compare the string -if possible. Does anybody know how to compare square brackets in a string in bash?

Also not working: this solution, adapted comparison (maybe I adapted it the wrong way?):

if [[ $hostName != "" ]] && [ "$hostName" != "*[*" ]

回答1:

This does what you need and is POSIX compatible:

while read hostName
do
  if [ "$hostName" ] && [ "$hostName" = "${hostName#[}" ] ; then
    echo $hostName
    #ssh-keyscan $hostName
  fi
done < hosts

回答2:

Alternative #1:

while read hostName
do
  if [[ $hostName != "" ]] &&  [[ $hostName != *"["* ]] ; then
  echo "$hostName"
  #ssh-keyscan $hostName
fi
done < hosts

Alternative #2:

grep -v '^\[.*\]$'  hosts | while read hostName
do
  if [[ $hostName != "" ]] ; then
  echo "$hostName"
  #ssh-keyscan $hostName
fi
done

Alternative #3:

grep -v '^\[.*\]$' hosts | grep -v '^[ \t]*$' | while read hostName
do
  echo "$hostName"
  #ssh-keyscan $hostName
done

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46231965/how-to-compare-strings-containing-a-square-bracket-in-bash

标签

string

bash

brackets